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Digital frauds and non-consensual intimate deepfakes are rising threats in India, leveraging advancements in technology to exploit individuals and institutions. Digital frauds involve illegal activities like online scams, identity theft, and financial frauds, while intimate deepfakes manipulate images and videos to create harmful, non-consensual content. In light of recent reports of such crimes, collaboration between law enforcement agencies and technology firms is crucial to ensure both prevention and timely legal action.

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Emerging Threats posed by Digital Frauds and Non-consensual Intimate Deepfakes in India

• Proliferation of Organised Digital Frauds: Organised cybercrime networks are increasingly sophisticated, using tools like phishing, smishing, and malware to deceive and exploit individuals.
  For example: A recent scam involved fraudsters posing as bank officials to extract OTPs, leading to significant monetary losses for victims.
• Exploitation of Vulnerable Telecom Infrastructure: Cybercriminals exploit telecom systems, bombarding users with spam calls and messages, often overwhelming existing security measures.
  For example: The rise of fraudulent ‘KYC update’ calls has led to numerous cases where victims inadvertently disclose sensitive bank information.
• Constant Evolution of Fraud Techniques: Criminals frequently adapt their methods to bypass security measures, staying ahead of law enforcement and cybersecurity defenses.
  For example: A new trend involves the use of fake job offers to trick individuals into revealing personal and financial information.
• Non-Consensual Deepfake Creation: Advances in AI allow perpetrators to create realistic deepfake videos, often used to defame or blackmail individuals by placing their likeness in explicit content.
  For example: A case in Bengaluru saw a woman’s face superimposed onto explicit videos, which were then circulated to extort money.
• Psychological and Social Impact on Victims: Both digital frauds and deepfake incidents lead to severe emotional distress, financial ruin, and social stigma.
  For example: Victims of sextortion schemes often face immense trauma, with some even resorting to self-harm or isolation.

Law Enforcement and Technology Can Work Together to Address These New-Age Crimes

• Strengthening Cybercrime Investigation Units: Establishing specialized cybercrime cells with advanced training and tools can improve the detection and prosecution of cybercriminals.
  For example: The Maharashtra Cyber Cell successfully tracked down a phishing ring targeting government employees.
• Leveraging AI and Machine Learning for Crime Detection: AI can be used to monitor and identify suspicious activities in real time, helping prevent frauds before they occur.
  For example: Banks use AI algorithms to flag unusual transactions, preventing potential financial fraud.
• Public Awareness Campaigns: Continuous and creative awareness programs can educate citizens about common cybercrime tactics and preventive measures.
  For example: The RBI’s ‘RBI Kehta Hai’ campaign educates the public on safe digital banking practices.
• Collaborating with Technology Firms: Law enforcement can partner with tech companies to develop tools that identify and take down harmful content, including deepfakes.
  For example: Meta’s partnership with Indian authorities led to the quick removal of fake accounts used in cyber fraud.
• Ensuring Legal and Policy Frameworks Keep Pace with Technology: Updating cyber laws and creating stringent regulations for data protection and AI misuse can act as deterrents.
  For example: The IT Act amendments in India now impose stricter penalties for identity theft and cyberstalking.
• Enhancing Cross-Border Collaboration: Given the global nature of cybercrime, international cooperation can help track and apprehend criminals operating from abroad.
  For example: India’s collaboration with INTERPOL helped dismantle a global phishing syndicate targeting Indian citizens.

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Combating digital frauds and non-consensual intimate deepfakes in India requires a unified approach between law enforcement and technology. By leveraging advanced AI, strengthening cyber laws, and enhancing collaboration, we can create a safer digital environment. Proactive measures and swift responses will help mitigate these emerging threats, ensuring protection of privacy and justice.

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