Makar Sankranti 2026: Date, Cultural Significance and Diverse Celebrations Across India

Makar Sankranti 2026 falls on January 14, marking the Sun’s northward journey into Capricorn (Makar Rashi), heralding longer days, abundant harvests, and spiritual renewal across India. This ancient harvest festival, deeply rooted in Vedic traditions, celebrates nature’s benevolence through rituals like holy river dips, sesame-jaggery sweets, bonfires, and kite-flying, symbolizing the triumph of light over darkness. From Pongal in Tamil Nadu to Lohri in Punjab, Uttarayan in Gujarat, and Bihu in Assam, regional customs reflect gratitude to the Sun God, farmers’ prosperity, and community bonding. Families exchange tilgul or gurr, perform Surya Namaskar, and donate food and clothes, embodying values of charity, positivity, and environmental harmony.

Makar Sankranti 2026: Celebrating the Harvest and Auspicious Uttarayan Transition

• Date: It is usually celebrated on January 14 every year. However, this year, Makar Sankranti is set to occur on January 15th, aligning with leap years.
  • It  is also known as the harvest festival.
• Seasonal Change: It marks the sun changing directions and shifting its trajectory towards the north, therefore, entering the Makara or Capricorn zodiac sign.
• Uttarayan: The days hereon become longer, and the Sun moves northward, and this is the reason it is called Uttarayan, which is considered very auspicious. 

Mythical Significance of Makar Sankranti: Battles Won, Immortality Seeds, and Divine Births

• Hindu mythology:  it is said that Sankranti was a deity who defeated a demon named Sankarasur on the day after Makar Sankranti, which is known as Karidin or Kinkrant. 
  • Similarly, Devi killed the villain, Kinkarasur.
• Immortality: As per Hindu Hindu mythology, God Yama blessed the sesame seed to regard the symbol of immortality. 
• Mahabharata Epic: Bhishma Pitamah believed that embracing death during Makar Sankranti  period would lead to salvation.
• Narashansa: Makar Sankranti is also associated with the birth of the deity ‘Narashansa’, the first preceptor of righteousness in Kaliyuga and a predecessor to Kalki, the final avatar of Lord Vishnu.

To Read More About India’s Harvest Festivals, Click Here

Makar Sankranti: Astronomical Wonders, Harvest Abundance & Spirit of Positivity

• Astronomical Significance: The harvest festival is a time of joy, celebration, and abundance in the farming communities reaping the fruits on the hard land.
  • In the ancient period, people used to celebrate the movement of the Sun, which resulted in longer days and marked the seasonal changes from harsher to milder climates. 
  • The festival is a sign of positivity and hope.
• Spiritual Significance: The shift of the Sun symbolises a journey toward enlightenment and spiritual awakening. 
• • Devotees view this transition as an opportune moment to rid themselves of negativity, embracing positivity and divine blessings.
• Religious Significance: To seek blessings for good health and a bountiful harvest, devotees perform Sankranti rituals such as taking holy dips in rivers like the Ganges and Yamuna to symbolise the washing away of sins and the start of a fresh year, offering Naivedhya (a food offering to Lord Surya), contributing to charity or Dakshina to represent the desire for people to live in peace and harmony, and performing Shraddha rituals.
  • It honours Lord Surya, the sun god. 
• Harvest Significance: The festival marks the end of winter, heralding longer days and the onset of the harvest season. 
• • The celebration is extra special in the farming communities, as this is the time when they reap the fruits or their hard labour.
• Unity in Diversity: Festival showcases unity in diversity, as each state observes it in their unique ways with the common theme of the harvest season.

Other names of Makar Sankranti

• It is celebrated as Bihu in Assam, Pongal in Tamil Nadu and Sakrat in Haryana. 
• It is celebrated internationally as Maghe Sankranti in Nepal, Songkran in Thailand and Thingyan in Myanmar.

Conclusion

Makar Sankranti is a festival of great significance in India, celebrated with various names and customs across different states. The festival also pays tribute to the hardworking farmers and their plows and bulls, which have been instrumental in agriculture for ages. Makar Sankranti inspires people to engage in charitable activities and help the poor and needy.

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