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News of The Day – 22nd May 2025

The Hindu, Indian Express, Live Mint, Business Standard, Economic Times, and PIB.

• About the Disruptions in cyclonic activity due to changing ocean temperatures. 
• Implications for coastal disaster preparedness and climate variability.
• Additional Information:
• About Cyclones, classification and formation of cyclones.

• Debate on judicial interpretation of “essential religious practice”.
• Origin: Cases related to Essential religious Practice (Shirur Mutt case).
• Role of SC in regulating religious freedoms under Articles 25–28.
• Recent criticisms and calls for review.

• About Functional Literacy
• Functional Literacy vs Traditional Literacy. 
• About ULLAS – Nav Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram or New India Literacy Programme (NILP)
• Role of Saakshar Bharat Abhiyan. 

• About Banu Mushtaq
• About International Booker Prize
• Recognition and selection process
• Indian International Booker Prize Laureate of past

• What is OPEC+?
• Objective of OPEC+
• Difference between OPEC and OPEC+

• WHO recognizes trans fat elimination.
• India’s status in trans fat elimination via FSSAI. Global targets under WHO’s REPLACE action framework.
• Challenge of reaching <2% limit in edible oils.

• WHO recognition of India’s success in eliminating Trachoma.
• About Trachoma.
• Significance in terms of public health policy, hygiene, and SDG goals.
• Elimination efforts: National Trachoma Control Programme (1963), SAFE strategy.

• Asiatic lion census data from Gir forest and surrounding areas.
• About Project Lion.
• Concerns about carrying capacity, relocation proposals (e.g., Kuno).

• About lack of a comprehensive framework to evaluate and predict climate physical risks (CPRs).
• What are climate physical risks (CPRs)?
• Need of New Framework on Climate related risk.
• Significance for climate financing, disaster risk management, and adaptation planning.
• Role of RBI/SEBI in environmental stress testing.

• Key Highlights of the study
• What are Marine Heatwaves?. 
• Impact on marine biodiversity, fisheries, and monsoon.