News of The Day: 31st October 2025

News of The Day –  31st October 2025

SOURCES: The Hindu, Indian Express, Live Mint, Business Standard, Economic Times, PIB and AIR, etc

(with Syllabus Relevance)

(GS-1: Modern History)

• Event: 150th birth anniversary on Oct 31; National Unity Day.
• About: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
• Contribution: Unified 562 princely states; ‘Iron Man of India’.
• Celebrations: Bharat Parv (Nov 1-15), annual parade at Ekta Nagar.
• Relevance: Legacy in national integration, Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat.

(GS-2: International Relations)

• Event: Withdrawal from Ayni base (2022); lease expired.
• History: $70M upgrade (2002); logistics, helos for aid.
• Reasons: Taliban takeover, Russia/China pressure.
• Impact: Reduces Central Asia footprint; no combat role.

• Event: 6-month waiver for Chabahar; effective Oct 29. –
• Context: Revoked Sep 29; Trump ‘maximum pressure’ on Iran.
• About: Chabahar Port
• Significance: Enables aid to Afghanistan, Central Asia via INSTC.
• Relevance: Bypasses Pakistan; 10-year ops agreement (2024).

(GS-2: International Relations)

• Event: FM Kombos visit; bilateral talks with Jaishankar. 
• Focus: IMEC role via shipping; EU-India FTA support.
• About: 3+1 format (Cyprus-Greece-Israel-US); Cyprus issue.
• Relevance: Multipolar ties; JAP 2025-29, trade opportunities.

(GS-2: International Relations)

• Event: Oct 31, Rohini; part of Jyāna Jyoti Festival.
• Focus: Maharshi Dayanand Saraswati’s 200th anniversary, Arya Samaj 150 years.
• Themes: Vedic principles, Swadeshi, Viksit Bharat 2047.
•  Relevance: Global awareness, social reform, nation-building.

(GS-3: Economy)

• Scheme: Under PMKSY; 395 projects approved (Jun 2025).
• Progress: 291 operational; 25.52L MT capacity, 174K jobs.
• Impact: Reduces post-harvest losses; $120M investment.
• Relevance: Boosts agri-exports, farmer income; 50 irradiation units.

(GS-3: Economy)

• Event: Launch in 3 villages (MP, UP, AP); TCoE partners
• Model: Phygital hubs (Samriddhi Kendras) via BharatNet
• Services: Digital education, health, agri, governance. –
• Relevance: Bridges rural divide; scalable for Viksit Bharat.

(GS-3: Science & Technology)

• Discovery: Complex organics (6+ atoms) in ice around the LMC star.
• Method: JWST’s MIRI at ST6; first beyond the Milky Way..
• Significance: Prebiotic chemistry widespread; early universe lab.
• Relevance: Advances astrobiology, life’s cosmic potential.

(GS-3: Science & Technology)

• Event: From 2026-27; NEP 2020, NCF-SE 2023 aligned.
• Focus: AI literacy, computational thinking; ethical use.
• Implementation: CBSE committee, NISHTHA training for 1Cr teachers.
• Relevance: Prepares for digital economy; 8M new jobs.

(GS-3: Science & Technology)

• Topic: Debate on AI from Class 3; literacy vs skills.
• Pros: Critical thinking, ethical AI; solves real problems.
• Cons: Over-reliance risks; infrastructure gaps.
• Relevance: NEP vision; litmus test for regulating AI.

(GS-3: Environment)

• Topic: Multi-hazard EWS for GLOFs, landslides, floods.
• Challenges: Terrain, funding, data gaps; 240 disasters (1900-2022). 
• Solutions: AI radars, community networks, Himalayan Risk Council.
• Relevance: NDMA, Sendai Framework; 12 states/UTs at risk.

(GS-3: Environment)

• Event: Tribal Affairs Ministry’s policy framework. Mandate: Rare, voluntary, FRA-compliant; in-situ options preferred.
• Mechanisms: Safeguards officer, 3-tier grievances, NDCCI database.
• Relevance: Balances Project Tiger, FRA 2006; 5,166 families relocated (2022-25).

• Event: UNEP report ‘Running on Empty’.
• Gap: $284-339B/year; only $26B in 2023 for developing nations.
• Findings: 1,600+ actions; finance shortfall threatens lives.
• Relevance: Calls for $300B NCQG; COP30 focus on mitigation.

• About:  World Inequality Lab report ‘A Capital Challenge’.
• Findings: Top 1% own 41% emissions via wealth; 15% via consumption.
• Suggestions: Tax carbon in assets (e.g., €150/t in EU). Relevance: Wealth-climate nexus; bans on dirty investments.

(GS-3: Science & Technology)

• About: Comet 3I/ATLAS
• Observations: JWST, Hubble; gas/dust release, composition.
• Significance: Third interstellar object; hyperbolic path.
• Relevance: No Earth threat; probes origins, solar system chemistry.