Que. Vijay was Deputy Commissioner of a remote district of a hilly northern state of the country for the last two years. In the month of August, heavy rains lashed the complete state followed by cloudbursts in the upper reaches of the said district. The damage was very heavy in the complete state especially in the affected district. The complete road network and telecommunication were disrupted and the buildings were damaged extensively. People’s houses have been destroyed and they were forced to stay in open. More than 200 people have been killed and about 5000 were badly injured. The Civil Administration under Vijay got activated and started conducting rescue and relief operations. Temporary shelter camps and hospitals were established to provide shelter and medical facilities to the homeless and injured people. Helicopter services were pressed in, for evacuating sick and old people from remote areas. Vijay got a message from his hometown in Kerala that his mother was seriously sick. After two days Vijay received the unfortunate message that his mother has expired. Vijay has no close relative except one elder sister who was a US citizen and staying there for last several years. In the meantime, the situation in the affected district deteriorated further due to resumption of heavy rains after a gap of five days. At the same time, continuous messages were coming on his mobile from his hometown to reach at the earliest for performing last rites of his mother. (a) What are the options available with Vijay? (b) What are the ethical dilemma being faced by Vijay? (c) Critically evaluate and examine each of these options identified by Vijay. (d) Which of the options, do you think, would be most appropriate for Vijay to adopt and why? (Answer in 250 words) — (250 Words, 20 Marks)

UPSC CSE : 2025

The above case highlights an ethical dilemma faced by Vijay, a Deputy Commissioner, torn between his professional duty of managing a severe natural disaster in his district and his personal duty towards performing his mother’s last rites.

 

  Stakeholders
  • Affected citizens
  • Vijay as officer
  • District administration
  • Emergency/forces (Police, Health, SDRF/NDRF, Army/IAF)
  • Local governance/community (Panchayats, volunteers, SHGs)
  • Vijay’s family

 

(a) Options available to Vijay

  • Stay and lead; defer last rites: Remain on ground, continue command, and perform rites later.
  • Short, time‑bound bereavement leave: Take 24–48 hours’ leave, perform last rites, return immediately.
  • Full delegation with remote supervision: Hand over to Additional DC/Incident Commander. Supervise from SEOC (State Emergency Operations Center) if communications allow.
  • Seek state deputation support: Request state to post a Special Officer-in‑Charge; take brief leave for rites. (Like the Pandavas seeking Krishna’s counsel and external support during crisis.)
  • Capacity augmentation, then minimal leave: Secure NDRF/Army/IAF reinforcement; take tightly limited leave with continuous updates.
  • No leave until red alert passes: Prioritize uninterrupted response; attend rites only after stabilization. 

 

(b) Ethical dilemmas faced by Vijay

  • Public duty vs. filial (Parental) duty: Saving lives now versus the moral-cultural obligation to perform last rites. (Like Arjuna in Kurukshetra, torn between family bonds and duty.)
  • Integrity vs. compassion to family: Unbroken commitment to office versus humane response to bereavement.
  • Justice to citizens vs. fairness to self: Fairness to disaster victims versus fair treatment of one’s own needs. 
  • Public trust vs. personal well-being: Avoiding negative optics versus preventing burnout and impaired judgment. 

 

(c) Critical evaluation of options available to Vijay

 

Option Merits Demerits
1. Leave immediately for hometown – Fulfils parental and cultural duty.

– Provides emotional closure.

– Social expectation of a son.

– Abandons district at crisis point.

– Leadership vacuum in relief operations.

– Breach of public trust & accountability.

2. Delegate the charge and go – Balances both duties partially.

– Relief continues under senior subordinates.

– Shows trust in team.

– Subordinate capacity may not match DC’s authority.

– In disaster, coordination gaps may arise.

– Perception of avoiding responsibility.

3. Stay back and lead operations – Demonstrates integrity, selflessness, commitment to public service.

– Ensures effective relief; saves lives.

– Builds public trust & morale.

– Severe personal/emotional loss.

– Failure to perform traditional duties.

– May cause personal regret later.

4. Virtual presence in last rites – Allows symbolic participation via technology.

– Reduces personal regret while staying on duty.

– Family/community may feel absence strongly.

– Cannot replace physical presence.

5. Seek higher authority’s guidance – Transparent, accountable decision-making.

– Shows respect for institutional process.

– Bureaucratic delays in crisis.

– May appear indecisive.

 

(d) Best suitable course of action to opt: 

Merging Option 3 (stay back) + Option 2 (delegate) + Option 4 (virtual presence): (Similar to Lord Rama choosing rajdharma over his longing for the throne.)

Vijay should remain in the district and personally lead disaster relief operations, as his presence is critical to saving thousands of lives and maintaining public trust. At the same time, he can delegate routine tasks to senior subordinates to ensure administrative continuity and use virtual means such as video calling to participate in his mother’s last rites, while keeping higher authorities informed of his situation.

Aiming for UPSC?

Download Our App

      
Quick Revise Now !
AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD SOON
UDAAN PRELIMS WALLAH
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format
Integration of PYQ within the booklet
Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions
हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध
Quick Revise Now !
UDAAN PRELIMS WALLAH
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format
Integration of PYQ within the booklet
Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions
हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध

<div class="new-fform">






    </div>

    Subscribe our Newsletter
    Sign up now for our exclusive newsletter and be the first to know about our latest Initiatives, Quality Content, and much more.
    *Promise! We won't spam you.
    Yes! I want to Subscribe.