Option (d) is correct.

Explanation: 

• A US-sanctioned vessel carrying Russian crude oil recently reached India’s Vadinar Port in Gujarat.
• There are 13 major ports and 200 non-major ports (minor ports) in the country. 
• Statement 1 is not correct: While the Major Ports are under the administrative control of the Ministry of Shipping, the Non-Major ports are under the jurisdiction of respective State Maritime Boards/ State Government. 
• Statement 2 is not correct: The Union government under the provisions of the Indian Ports Act 1908 declares a port as a major port. There is no mention in the Act on the qualifying conditions or criteria to declare a port as a major port.

Option (d) is correct.

Explanation: 

• India has been selected as the Chair of International Sugar Organisation (ISO) for 2024 to lead the global sugar sector. International Sugar Organisation (ISO), headquartered in London, has announced India to be the Chair of the organisation for 2024.
• Statement 1 is not correct: The International Sugar Organization is an intergovernmental organization devoted to improving conditions on the world’s sugar market through Debate, Analysis, Special Studies, Transparent Statistics, Seminars, Conferences and Workshops.
• It was established under the International Sugar Agreement in 1968, as the body responsible for managing the agreement. 
• Statement 2 is not correct: It is headquartered in London.

Option (d) is correct.

Explanation: 

• Recently, The UK drug regulator approved a gene therapy (Casgevy) to cure sickle cell disease and thalassemia, a landmark breakthrough.
• Statement 1 is correct: This is the first licensed therapy in the world based on gene editing technology CRISPR-Cas9. It  is a one-time therapy that edits the faulty gene that leads to these blood disorders, potentially curing the person for life. 
• Statement 2 is correct:  The therapy uses the patient’s own blood stem cells, which are precisely edited using CRISPR-Cas9.  The therapy targets a gene called BCL11A, which is crucial for switching from fetal to adult haemoglobin.
• Statement 3 is correct: The therapy uses the body’s mechanisms to produce more foetal haemoglobin, alleviating the symptoms of the sickle cell disease and thalassemia.

Option (a) is correct.

Explanation: 

• November 27 marks the birth anniversary of Guru Nanak Dev, the founder of Sikhism.
• Statement 1 is correct: Naam Japna is remembering and reciting God’s name through meditation. 
• Statement 2 is not correct: Kirat Karna is earning a living by working honest and hard.
• Statement 3 is not correct: Vand Chakna is selflessly serving and sharing our things (income, resources, etc) with everyone, including the less fortunate.

Option (a) is correct.

Explanation: 

• Recently, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) took over the board of Mumbai-based Abhyudaya Cooperative Bank Ltd for a year due to poor governance standards. 
• Statement 1 is correct: Cooperative banks are financial institutions that are owned and controlled by their members, who are also customers of the bank.
• Statement 2 is not correct: They are registered under the Cooperative Societies Act of the State concerned or the Multi-State Cooperative Societies Act, of 2002. They are governed under:
  • Banking Regulations Act, 1949
  • Banking Laws (Co-operative Societies) Act, 1955
• Statement 3 is not correct: As per NABARD, commercial banks remain the main source of formal finance to farmers, accounting for 75 percent of loans outstanding to farmers in 2021, followed by cooperatives at 12 percent and Regional Rural Banks at 12.2 percent.