Option (a) is correct

Explanation:

• The orbit of the moon around the earth is not circular; it is elliptical, that is, an elongated or stretched-out circle. It takes the moon 27.3 days to orbit the earth.
• The point closest to earth in the moon’s elliptical orbit is called perigee, and the point that is farthest is called apogee. 
• The word supermoon was coined by astrologer Richard Nolle in 1979.
• Statement 1 is not correct: A super moon happens when the moon is passing through or is close to its perigee and is also a full moon. 
• Statement 2 is correct:The term “blue moon” signifies the occurrence of a second full moon within a single month.
• About 25 percent of all full moons are supermoons, but only 3 percent of full moons are blue moons.

Option (c) is correct

Explanation:

• In a  military coup in Gabon,  President Ali Bongo Ondimba,was ousted due to accusations of election fraud and corruption.
• Statement 1 is correct:Gabon is a country in Central Africa. It is located in the Eastern Hemisphere. 
• As the Equator passes through Gabon, it stretches into both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. 
• Statement 2 is correct:Gabon is bordered by three countries. The Republic of the Congo borders it to the east and south. Cameroon lies to the north and Equatorial Guinea to the northwest. 
• Gabon has a coastline on the Gulf of Guinea to the west.

Option (d) is correct

Explanation:

• Cyclone frequency may rise over Indian coast from the warming of the Pacific as per a study published in the journal Nature Communications.
• Tropical cyclones originate and intensify over warm tropical oceans.
• Statement 1 is correct: The cyclones, which generally cross 20 N latitude, recurve and they are more destructive. 
• Statement 2 is correct:The conditions favourable for the formation and intensification of tropical storms are: 
  • Large sea surface with temperature higher than 27° C; 
  • Presence of the Coriolis force; 
  • Small variations in the vertical wind speed; 
  • A pre-existing weak low-pressure area or low-level-cyclonic circulation; 
  • Upper divergence above the sea level system
• They are known as Cyclones in the Indian Ocean, Hurricanes in the Atlantic, Typhoons in the Western Pacific and South China Sea, and Willy-willies in the Western Australia.

Option (d) is correct.

Explanation:

• The Union Finance Minister recently  chaired a review meeting of Regional Rural Banks of Northern Region in New Delhi.
• Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) were established under the Regional Rural Banks Act, 1976 on the recommendations of the Narasimham committee.
• Statement 1 is not correct: They have to ensure that forty per cent of their advances are accounted for in the priority sector.
• Statement 2 is not correct: RRBs accounted for a share of 12.1% of total agricultural credit disbursed in 2020-21, which is an improvement on their share of 6.9% in 1999-2000. 
• The share of commercial banks increased to 75.8% in 2020-21 from 53.7% in 1999-2000.
• Statement 3 is not correct: The Act mandates that of the capital issued by an RRB, 50% shall be held by the central government, 15% by the concerned state government and 35% by the sponsor bank.

Option (c) is correct.

Explanation: According to the Air Quality Life Index (AQLI) report for 2023 by the University of Chicago, air pollution shortens the lives of the residents of Delhi by around 12 years.

• The World Health Organization’s Global Air quality guidelines serve as a global target for national, regional and city governments to work towards improving their citizen’s health by reducing air pollution.
• Pollutants are used as parameters in comparing the quality of air under WHO Global Air Quality Guidelines: 
  • PM 2.5 
  • PM 10 
  • Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) 
  • Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
  • Carbon monoxide (CO)
  • Ozone (O3)
• Carbon dioxide is not considered an air pollutant, as it occurs naturally in the air. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas.