Option (c) is correct: 

Explanation:

• A score of 100 on the Index means that women are on an equal standing with men on all the eight indicators being measured.
• India scored higher than the 63.7 average for the South Asian region, though lower than Nepal which had the region’s highest score of 80.6.
• Of the 190 economies covered in the Index, only 14 scored a perfect 100: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, Luxemburg, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and Sweden.
• For India, the Index used data on laws applicable in Mumbai, viewed as the country’s main business city.

Option (b) is correct: 

Explanation:

• The World Bank is lending up to $1 billion to help India with preparedness for future pandemics as well as to strengthen its health infrastructure. The lending will be divided into two complementary loans of $500 million each.
• Through this combined financing of $1 billion, the bank will support India’s flagship Pradhan Mantri-Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (PM-ABHIM).
• In addition to the national-level interventions, one of the loans will prioritise health service delivery in seven States — Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Meghalaya, Odisha, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and Uttar Pradesh.
• According to the World Bank estimates, India’s life expectancy has increased from 58 in 1990 to 69.8 in 2020. 

Option (c) is correct: 

Explanation:

• The El Nino and La Nina (natural phenomena) and human-induced climate change are increasing global temperatures, affecting seasonal rainfall patterns and making our weather more extreme.
• It is the “warm phase” of a larger phenomenon called the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
• El Nino and La Nina are major, but not the only, drivers of the Earth’s climate system.

• In addition to the long-established ENSO Update, World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) now also issues regular Global Seasonal Climate Updates (GSCU), which incorporate influences of the other major climate drivers such as the North Atlantic Oscillation, the Arctic Oscillation and the Indian Ocean Dipole.
• It occurs more frequently than La Nina

Option (a) is correct: 

Explanation:

• On February 1, 2023, Government of India announced a Mission “Pradhan Mantri PVTG Mission” for the welfare of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in the Union Budget 2023-24. 
• The Pradhan Mantri PVTG Mission will be launched as part of ‘Reaching The Last Mile- Leaving No Citizen Behind’ as there are 75 PVTG groups spread across 18 states and the UT of Andaman & Nicobar Island in India that will benefit from this scheme.
• PVTGs are more vulnerable among the tribal groups. 
• In 1973, the Dhebar Commission created Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs) as a separate category, which are less developed among the tribal groups. In 2006, the Government of India renamed the PTGs as PVTGs.

Option (a) is correct: 

Explanation:

• National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) is a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change.
• It was established in 2005 following the recommendations of the Tiger Task Force.
• It was constituted under enabling provisions of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, as amended in 2006, for strengthening tiger conservation, as per powers and functions assigned to it.

Option (d) is correct: 

Explanation:

• The Mukundra Tiger Reserve (TR) is located near Kota, Rajasthan.
• The park is situated in a valley formed by two parallel mountains viz. Mukundra and Gargola.
• It is located on the eastern bank of the Chambal River and is drained by its tributaries.
• Other Tiger Reserves in Rajasthan are Ranthambore and Sariska.