Option (c) is correct.

Explanation:

• IAEA is widely known as the world’s “Atoms for Peace and Development” organization within the United Nations family, the IAEA is the international centre for cooperation in the nuclear field.
• The IAEA was created in 1957 in response to the deep fears and expectations generated by the discoveries and diverse uses of nuclear technology.
• It’s headquarters is in Vienna, Austria.
• In 2005, it was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their work for a safe and peaceful world.
• It is an independent international organization that reports annually to the United Nation General Assembly.
• When necessary, the IAEA also reports to the UN Security Council in regards to instances of members’ non-compliance with safeguards and security obligations.

Option (b) is correct.

Explanation:

• The Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps), the State bird of Rajasthan, is considered India’s most critically endangered bird.
• It is considered the flagship grassland species, representing the health of the grassland ecology.
• Its population is confined mostly to Rajasthan and Gujarat.
• Small populations occur in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
• Protection Status:

1. IUCN: Critically Endangered
2. CITES: Appendix1
3. Convention on Migratory Species (CMS): Appendix I
4. Wildlife Protection Act, 1972: Schedule I

Option (c) is correct.

Explanation:

• The Megha-Tropiques-1 (MT1) is a joint Indo-French satellite launched in 2011 for tropical weather and climate studies, which was providing data services, supporting regional and global climate models till 2021.
• The space agency recently said that as a responsible space agency committed to safe and sustainable operations in outer space, it was gearing up for this challenging experiment.

Option (a) is correct.

Explanation:

• Fertilizer cooperative Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Limited (IFFCO), which introduced nano liquid urea in 2021, announced recently that the government has approved the launch of its nano DAP fertilizer in the market. It is a big step towards self-reliance in fertilizers.
• DAP fertilizer is an excellent source of Phosphorus and Nitrogen for plant nutrition. 
• Di-ammonium Phosphate is not a type of hydrocarbon fuel. Rather, it is a water-soluble ammonium phosphate salt commonly used as a fertilizer.
• A notable property of DAP is the alkaline pH that develops around the dissolving granule.
• DAP is the 2nd most commonly used fertiliser in India after urea and farmers normally apply this fertiliser just before or at the beginning of sowing.

Option (d) is correct.

Explanation:

• Scientists at Johns Hopkins University (JHU) recently outlined a plan for a potentially revolutionary new area of research called “organoid intelligence”, which aims to create “bio-computers”.
• Here, brain cultures grown in the lab are coupled to real-world sensors and input/output devices.
• The scientists expect the technology to harness the processing power of the brain and understand the biological basis of human cognition, learning and various neurological disorders.

Option (c) is correct.

Explanation:

• For the first time, United Nations (UN) members have agreed on a unified treaty to protect biodiversity in the high seas.
• It is “a once-in-a-generation opportunity to protect the oceans — a major win for biodiversity”.
• The treaty will create a new body to manage conservation of ocean life and establish marine protected areas in the high seas.
• It helps to achieve the UN Biodiversity Conference’s pledge to protect 30% of the planet’s waters, as well as its land, for conservation.
• “Comprehensive protection of endangered species and habitats is now finally possible on more than 40% of the Earth’s surface.”
• The treaty also establishes ground rules for conducting environmental impact assessments for commercial activities in the oceans.
• This treaty will help to knit together the different regional treaties to be able to address threats and concerns across species’ ranges.