Ans: B

Exp:

Recently  a  complaint alleging sexual harassment has been filed in Kolkata against West Bengal Governor C V Ananda Bose, Constitutional immunity bars the police from naming the Governor as an accused or even investigating the case.

Statement 1 is correct: Article 361 of the Constitution that deals with immunity to the President and the Governors states that they “shall not be answerable to any court for the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of his office or for any act done or purporting to be done by him in the exercise and performance of those powers and duties.

Statement 2 is correct: Article 361 has  provisions which  has two crucial sub-clauses: that no criminal proceedings whatsoever shall be initiated or continued against the President, or the Governor of a State, in any court during the term of his office. 

•  No process for the arrest or imprisonment of the President, or the Governor of a State, shall be issued from any court during his term of office.

Statement 3 is incorrect: No civil proceedings against the President or the Governor be instituted during his term of office in any court in respect of acts done by him in his personal capacity, whether before or after he entered upon his office, until the expiration of two months after notice has been delivered to him.

Ans: B

Exp:

Recently, a petitioner has moved the Supreme court against orders passed by the Bombay High Court and the trial court directing him to pay Rs 3 crore to his wife under Section 22 of The Protection of Women from the Domestic Violence Act, 2005. (DV Act)

Statement 1 is correct: The Domestic Violence Act Primarily meant to provide protection to the wife or female live-in partner from violence at the hands of the husband or male live-in partner or his relatives, the law also extends its protection to women who are sisters, widows or mothers.  

• Domestic violence under the act includes actual abuse or the threat of abuse whether physical, sexual, verbal, emotional or economic.  Harassment by way of unlawful dowry demands to the woman or her relatives would also be covered under this definition.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Any woman who alleges to have been subjected to any act of domestic violence by the offender or any person may file a complaint on her behalf.

• Under Section 12 of the Act, an aggrieved person or a Protection Officer or any other person on behalf of the aggrieved person may present an application to the Magistrate seeking one or more reliefs under this Act.
• Provided that before passing any order on such application, the Magistrate shall take into consideration any domestic incident report received by him from the Protection Officer or the service provider.

Statement 3 is incorrect: In Ajay Kaul & Ors. V. State of J & K and Ors. (2019), the Jammu and Kashmir High Court held that Section 12 of the DV Act per se does not hold that a Magistrate on receipt of complaint is obligated to call for a domestic incident report, before passing any order on an application.

•  So, it is not mandatory for a Magistrate to obtain a domestic incident report before the Magistrate passes any order provided under various sections of the Act.

Answer: A

Exp: 

Climate experts believe that the focus of this year’s climate change conference in Baku, Azerbaijan COP 29 scheduled for November  will be on finance. As per them, the expression that is likely to be heard most frequently at COP29 is NCQG — or New Collective Quantitative Goal.

Statement 1 is incorrect: NCQG (New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG)) is a term for the extra money that rich countries need to gather each year starting from 2025. 

• This money is meant to support actions against climate change in poorer countries. It has to be more than the $100 billion that rich countries promised to collect each year starting from 2020, but didn’t manage to do.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The last year COP at Dubai was all about Global Stocktake (GST), a review of ongoing climate action.

•  Climate experts believe that the focus of this year’s climate change conference in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP 29) will be on finance. As per them, the expression that is likely to be heard most frequently at COP29 is NCQG — or New Collective Quantitative Goal (on finance).

Statement 3 is correct: India has called for developed countries to provide at least $1 trillion per year in climate finance to developing countries from 2025, primarily in the form of grants and concessional finance. 

• G-20 New Delhi Leader’s Declaration also recognizes the substantial financial requirements essential for the world’s successful transition to a renewable energy-driven economy.

Ans: B

Exp:

Recent satellite images show that China is building a road into the lower part of the  Shaksgam valley, which faces the critical Siachen glacier.

Pair 1 is correct: The Shaksgam Valley or the Trans Karakoram Tract is part of the Hunza-Gilgit region of Pakistan-occupied Kashmir and is a territory claimed by India but controlled by Pakistan.

•  It borders China’s Xinjiang Province to the north, the Northern Areas of POK to the south and west, and the Siachen Glacier region to the east.
•  The India-China war of 1962 led to China developing closer ties with Pakistan. In a boundary agreement in 1963, Pakistan ceded the Shaksgam Valley to China.

Pair 2 is correct: It is located at the tri-junction of India (Sikkim), Bhutan and China (Tibet). The valley holds strategic significance for India, China as well as Bhutan. 

• Bhutan claims sovereignty over the area.

Pair 3 is incorrect: The Depsang crisis of 2013 refers to a tense border standoff between India and China that took place in the Depsang Plains of Ladakh in April-May 2013. 

• The crisis began when Chinese troops set up a camp in the Depsang Plains, which is located about 19 km inside what India considers to be its territory.

Ans: A

Exp:

Recently, the Launch of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Technology/Product Booklet and ToT of Thermal Camera to Industry took place.

Option A is incorrect: 

• • Intelligent Transport Systems(ITS) are a suite of public transport planning, operations management and customer service applications that are enabled by advanced information and communications technologies. 
  • ITS is launched by Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) 

• To synergize the transformation in Intelligent Transportation System the Ministry of Electronics & IT took early steps by bringing together premier academic institutes like Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Indian Institute of Management (IIM) etc. and Premier R&D Centre like C-DAC under one umbrella.

• ​​Onboard Driver Assistance and Warning Systems or Odaws is a software system which  includes vehicle radar sensors and navigation sensors to actively monitor the immediate surroundings of a car in order to avoid road accidents.