Madhavi Gaur
September 26, 2023 03:30
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Tiger Reserves in India: There are 53 Tiger Reserves in India. Guru Ghasidas National Park is recently added in 2023. Read more about Tiger Reserves in India, List, Map & Schemes.
Tiger Reserves in India: There are 53 Tiger Reserves in India. In 1973, India started creating special places called “tiger reserves” to protect its tigers. These reserves are managed by the National Tiger Conservation Authority, which is part of the Indian government. Until 2018, there were 50 of these reserves. Then, in 2022, they added one more in Uttar Pradesh, called Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary. This made it the third tiger reserve in that state.
India is like a home for tigers, with about 80 percent of all the tigers in the world living there. Back in 2006, they counted about 1,411 tigers in India. By 2022, that number went up to 3,167.
This increase in tiger numbers in India has also helped tigers globally. In 2010, there were 3,159 wild tigers worldwide. But by 2016, that number grew to 3,890. This is according to the World Wildlife Fund and the Global Tiger Forum.
Tiger reserves are areas specifically designated for the protection and conservation of tigers. They are carefully managed to provide a suitable environment for tigers to thrive, including ample prey availability and protection from poaching and habitat destruction. These reserves not only safeguard the tiger population but also contribute to the conservation of other wildlife species and their habitats.
The establishment of tiger reserves in India is a testament to the country’s commitment to wildlife conservation. They serve as protected areas where efforts are focused on preserving the natural balance of ecosystems and ensuring the survival of endangered species. Tiger reserves also promote scientific research, ecological studies, and community participation in conservation efforts.
India has a total of 53 tiger reserves. The very first one, called Bandipur Tiger Reserve, was set up in 1974. On the other hand, the most recent tiger reserve, known as Guru Ghasidas Tiger Reserve, was established in the state of Chhattisgarh. These reserves are important for protecting the tigers that live in India.
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List of 53 Tiger Reserves in India |
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| S No. | Tiger Reserves | State/UT | Location | Year Established | Total Area (sq km) |
| 1 | Bandipur Tiger Reserve | Karnataka | Western Ghats | 1974 | 914.02 |
| 2 | Corbett Tiger Reserve | Uttarakhand | Himalayan Foothills | 1973 | 1,288.31 |
| 3 | Amanagarh Buffer Tiger Reserve | Uttar Pradesh | Terai | 2020 | 80.60 |
| 4 | Kanha Tiger Reserve | Madhya Pradesh | Central India | 1974 | 2,051.79 |
| 5 | Manas Tiger Reserve | Assam | Eastern Himalayas | 1973 | 2,837.10 |
| 6 | Melghat Tiger Reserve | Maharashtra | Satpura Range | 1974 | 2,768.52 |
| 7 | Palamu Tiger Reserve | Jharkhand | Chota Nagpur Plateau | 1973 | 1,129.93 |
| 8 | Ranthambore Tiger Reserve | Rajasthan | Aravalli Range | 1973 | 1,411.29 |
| 9 | Simlipal Tiger Reserve | Odisha | Eastern Ghats | 1973 | 2,750.00 |
| 10 | Sunderban Tiger Reserve | West Bengal | Sundarbans | 1984 | 2,584.89 |
| 11 | Periyar Tiger Reserve | Kerala | Western Ghats | 1978 | 925.00 |
| 12 | Sariska Tiger Reserve | Rajasthan | Aravalli Range | 1978 | 1,213.34 |
| 13 | Buxa Tiger Reserve | West Bengal | Eastern Himalayas | 1983 | 757.90 |
| 14 | Indravati Tiger Reserve | Chhattisgarh | Bastar Plateau | 1982 | 2,799.07 |
| 15 | Namdapha Tiger Reserve | Arunachal Pradesh | Eastern Himalayas | 1983 | 2,052.82 |
| 16 | Nagarjunsagar Tiger Reserve | Telangana | Deccan Plateau | 1983 | 3,296.31 |
| 17 | Dudhwa Tiger Reserve | Uttar Pradesh | Terai | 1987 | 2,201.77 |
| 18 | Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve | Tamil Nadu | Western Ghats | 1988 | 1,601.54 |
| 19 | Valmiki Tiger Reserve | Bihar | Gangetic Plains | 1990 | 899.38 |
| 20 | Pench Tiger Reserve | Madhya Pradesh | Satpura Range | 1992 | 1,179.63 |
| 21 | Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve | Maharashtra | Central India | 1993 | 1,727.59 |
| 22 | Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve | Madhya Pradesh | Central India | 1993 | 1,536.93 |
| 23 | Panna Tiger Reserve | Madhya Pradesh | Central India | 1994 | 1,598.10 |
| 24 | Dampa Tiger Reserve | Mizoram | Mizo Hills | 1994 | 988.00 |
| 25 | Bhadra Tiger Reserve | Karnataka | Western Ghats | 1998 | 1,064.29 |
| 26 | Pench Tiger Reserve | Maharashtra | Satpura Range | 1999 | 741.22 |
| 27 | Pakke Tiger Reserve | Arunachal Pradesh | Eastern Himalayas | 2002 | 1,198.45 |
| 28 | Nameri Tiger Reserve | Assam | Eastern Himalayas | 1999 | 464.00 |
| 29 | Satpura Tiger Reserve | Madhya Pradesh | Central India | 1999 | 2,133.31 |
| 30 | Anamalai Tiger Reserve | Tamil Nadu | Western Ghats | 2008 | 1,479.87 |
| 31 | Udanti Sitanadi Tiger Reserve | Chhattisgarh | Maikal Hills | 2008 | 1,842.54 |
| 32 | Satkosia Tiger Reserve | Odisha | Eastern Ghats | 2007 | 963.87 |
| 33 | Kaziranga Tiger Reserve | Assam | Eastern Himalayas | 2007 | 1,173.58 |
| 34 | Achanakmar Tiger Reserve | Chhattisgarh | Maikal Hills | 2009 | 914.02 |
| 35 | Kali Tiger Reserve | Karnataka | Western Ghats | 2010 | 1,097.51 |
| 36 | Sanjay Dhubri Tiger Reserve | Madhya Pradesh | Central India | 2011 | 1,674.50 |
| 37 | Mudumalai Tiger Reserve | Tamil Nadu | Western Ghats | 2012 | 688.59 |
| 38 | Nagarhole Tiger Reserve | Karnataka | Western Ghats | 2012 | 1,205.76 |
| 39 | Parambikulam Tiger Reserve | Kerala | Western Ghats | 2010 | 643.66 |
| 40 | Sahyadri Tiger Reserve | Maharashtra | Western Ghats | 2009 | 1,165.57 |
| 41 | Biligiri Ranganatha Temple Tiger Reserve | Karnataka | Western Ghats | 2010 | 574.82 |
| 42 | Kawal Tiger Reserve | Telangana | Deccan Plateau | 2012 | 2,015.44 |
| 43 | Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve | Tamil Nadu | Western Ghats | 2013 | 1,408.40 |
| 44 | Mukundara Tiger Reserve | Rajasthan | Aravalli Range | 2013 | 759.99 |
| 45 | Nawegaon Nagzira Tiger Reserve | Maharashtra | Central India | 2013 | 1,894.94 |
| 46 | Amrabad Tiger Reserve | Telangana | Deccan Plateau | 2014 | 2,611.39 |
| 47 | Pilibhit Tiger Reserve | Uttar Pradesh | Terai | 2014 | 730.25 |
| 48 | Bor Tiger Reserve | Maharashtra | Central India | 2014 | 816.27 |
| 49 | Rajaji Tiger Reserve | Uttarakhand | Shivalik Range | 2015 | 1,075.17 |
| 50 | Orang Tiger Reserve | Assam | Eastern Himalayas | 2016 | 492.46 |
| 51 | Kamlang Tiger Reserve | Arunachal Pradesh | Eastern Himalayas | 2016 | 783.00 |
| 52 | Srivilliputhur Megamalai Tiger Reserve | Tamil Nadu | Western Ghats | 2016 | 1,016.57 |
| 53 | Guru Ghasidas Tiger Reserve | Chhattisgarh | Maikal Hills | 2023 | 2,048 |
Nagarjunsagar Tiger Reserve is among India’s biggest tiger reserves. It stretches across five districts in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, mainly covering the scenic Nallamala Hills. Within this reserve, you’ll find two significant multipurpose reservoirs, Srisailam and Nagarjunasagar. These picturesque landscapes are home to a diverse range of wildlife, including the majestic Bengal tiger, elusive leopards, pangolins, and Indian rock pythons, to name a few.
Manas National Park sits in the foothills of the Himalayas in Assam. It’s not your average park; it’s a special place. It’s got a UNESCO World Heritage Site status, and it’s also a Tiger Reserve, Elephant Reserve, Biosphere Reserve, and, of course, a National Park.
What makes it so unique? Well, it’s home to some rare and endangered wildlife. You’ll find the One-horned Rhinoceros, majestic Asiatic Elephants, fierce Indian Tigers, elusive Clouded Leopards, playful Hoolock Gibbons, and graceful Barking Deer among its residents. It’s like a wildlife wonderland.
Melghat Tiger Reserve can be found in central India, on the southern part of the Satpura Hill Range, specifically the Gavilgarh hill in Maharashtra. This reserve is like a tiger’s dream home and is also where the state keeps its rich biodiversity safe. Plus, it’s a vital area that collects water for five major rivers. It’s a place where nature thrives, especially for tigers.
Simlipal National Park is a fantastic place in Odisha, India. It’s both a national park and a tiger reserve, meaning it’s like a double haven for wildlife. This area is a treasure trove of diverse plants and animals, and it feels like a cool breeze in a lush forest. Plus, it’s dotted with charming waterfalls that make the Royal Bengal Tigers here feel right at home. It’s a true nature lover’s paradise.
Amrabad Tiger Reserve is located in the Nallamala hills of Telangana. It’s home to the Chenchu tribe and is a place teeming with diverse wildlife. Here, you can find about 70 different types of mammals, over 300 kinds of birds, 60 types of reptiles, and countless insects. All of these creatures rely on more than 600 different types of plants for their survival. Some of the notable animals you can spot here include Bengal Tigers, leopards, rusty-spotted cats, pangolins, Mugger Crocodiles, Indian Rock Pythons, and a wide variety of birds.
The Sundarbans, the largest delta in the world, stretches across India and Bangladesh. In India, you’ll find the Sundarbans National Park located in the southern part of West Bengal. This unique forest is abundant with Sundari trees. One of its most famous residents is the Royal Bengal tiger. Notably, the Sundarbans National Park has received UNESCO’s recognition as a World Heritage Site, mainly due to its crucial role in the conservation of tigers through Project Tiger.
The Dudhwa Tiger Reserve is a protected area on the India-Nepal border in Uttar Pradesh. It mainly covers the Lakhimpur Kheri and Bahraich districts. Dudhwa National Park is home to various birds, reptiles, one-horned rhinos, wild elephants, and aquatic animals, as well as a rich variety of plants and animals. Its untouched forests, expansive grasslands, and wetlands make it unique. This is the only place in Uttar Pradesh where you can see both tigers and rhinos living together in the wild.
The Satpura Tiger Reserve can be found in Madhya Pradesh, south of the Narmada River. Satpura National Park is a treasure trove of biodiversity. In this park, you can encounter a variety of animals such as leopards, sambar deer, spotted deer, Indian muntjac, nilgai, four-horned antelope, Chinkara, wild boar, bears, blackbucks, foxes, porcupines, flying squirrels, mouse deer, and Indian giant squirrels.
Namdapha Tiger Reserve is situated in the Changlang district of Arunachal Pradesh, not Andhra Pradesh. It’s a truly unique place because it’s the only park in the world that’s home to four different big cat species: Tigers, Leopards, Snow Leopards, and Clouded Leopards. Additionally, you can find various smaller wildcats here.
Kanha National Park came into existence on June 1, 1955, and later, in 1973, it was designated as the Kanha Tiger Reserve. It covers a large area spanning across Mandla and Balaghat districts. This park is home to a notable population of majestic Royal Bengal tigers, Indian leopards, the gentle sloth bear, the unique barasingha deer, and the Indian wild dog.
In April 1973, the Bengal Tiger became India’s national animal through Project Tiger. Before that, the lion held this honor. This change aimed to protect tigers because they were listed as an endangered species by the IUCN Red Data book. To safeguard them, India established Tiger Reserves in 1973.
India’s first tiger reserve was established in 1973 under the Project Tiger initiative, which was launched to conserve the endangered Bengal tiger and its habitat. The first tiger reserve in India is:
Jim Corbett National Park (now known as Corbett Tiger Reserve): Located in the state of Uttarakhand, it was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park. It was later renamed after the famous conservationist and author Jim Corbett, who played a crucial role in the establishment of the park. In 1973, it became India’s first tiger reserve.
Since then, India has established many more tiger reserves as part of its efforts to protect the endangered tiger species. These reserves serve as protected areas for the conservation and sustainable management of tiger populations and their ecosystems.
In October 2021, the NTCA’s Technical Committee approved Chhattisgarh’s request to create a new Tiger Reserve by combining the Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary and the Guru Ghasidas National Park. This approval was granted under the Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972. The Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary covers 608 square kilometers, and the Guru Ghasidas National Park spans 1,440 square kilometers. In 2011, the Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary was added to the Sarguja Jashpur Elephant Reserve.
Guru Ghasidas National Park was previously part of Madhya Pradesh’s Sanjay National Park. It’s noteworthy as the last known habitat of the Asiatic cheetah in India. The creation of this new tiger reserve also provides a route for tigers to move between Bandhavgarh and Palamau in Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand. There’s also a plan to transform the Bhoramdeo Wildlife Sanctuary into a Tiger Reserve, which would link the Indravati Tiger Reserve in Chhattisgarh and the Kanha Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh.
India houses 80% of the world’s tiger population, with their numbers increasing from 2,226 in 2014 to 2,967 in 2018 according to the Tiger Census Report. India’s commitment to tiger conservation includes 53 tiger reserves, actively managed through initiatives like Project Tiger and regular census programs. These reserves play a crucial role in preserving a balanced ecosystem and facilitating coexistence between humans and tigers.
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Important Schemes for Tiger Reserve in India |
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| Scheme | Objectives |
| Project Tiger | Established in 1973 to support the preservation of tigers in India. |
| Provides federal funding to tiger range States for in-situ tiger conservation in selected tiger reserves. | |
| Overseen by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA). | |
| Tiger Census | Conducted by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) and the Wildlife Institute of India (WII). |
| Assisted by state forest agencies and conservation NGOs. | |
| Aims to estimate the tiger population in India through a four-year census cycle. | |
| M-STrIPES | Introduced in 2010, a software-based monitoring system for tiger reserves. |
| Monitoring System for Tigers – Intensive Protection and Ecological Status (M-STrIPES) enhances patrolling and oversight. | |
| Focuses on the conservation of critically endangered Bengal tigers. | |
| St. Petersburg Declaration on Tiger Conservation | Declared during the St. Petersburg Tiger Summit in 2010. |
| Committed by 13 nations, including India, to protect tigers worldwide and double their population in the wild. | |
| TX2 was chosen as the initiative’s motto, representing the goal of doubling the global tiger population by 2022. | |
These tiger reserves are crucial for the conservation of the majestic Bengal Tigers, which are the national animal of India. They provide a protected habitat for these endangered species and play a significant role in their conservation efforts. The tiger reserves also promote eco-tourism and create awareness about the importance of wildlife conservation.
India has 53 tiger reserves spread across various states. Here is the state-wise list of tiger reserves in India:
Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve
Mudumalai Tiger Reserve
Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary (part of the greater Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve)
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