Ans: C

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: Cooperative sector industries refer to economic enterprises that are collectively  owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials and workers who work together for their mutual benefit. These entities, known as cooperatives or co-ops, are characterised by their democratic ownership and decision-making structures.

Statement 2 is correct: Cooperatives are autonomous organisations that are self-managed by their members. They make decisions based on their members’ needs and aspirations. They pool their resources and share the profits or losses proportionately. Such examples are the sugar industry in Maharashtra and the coir industry in Kerala

Ans: D

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct:  In ancient India, cotton textiles were produced with hand spinning and handloom weaving techniques. After the 18th century, power -looms came into use.  The first successful textile mill in India was established in Mumbai in 1854. (The Bombay Spinning and Weaving Company by Cowasji Nanabhoy}

Statement 2 is correct: India is the largest producer of raw jute and jute goods and stands in second place as an exporter after Bangladesh. The first jute mill was set up near Kolkata in 1855 at Rishra. Most of the mills are located in West Bengal, mainly along the banks of the Hugli River, in a narrow belt.

Statement 3 is correct: India stands second as a world producer of sugar but occupies first place in the production of gur and khandsari. Sixty percent of mills are in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. However, in recent years, there has been a tendency for the mills to shift and concentrate in the southern and western states, especially in Maharashtra. This is because the cane produced here has a higher sucrose content.

Ans: B

Exp:

The iron and steel industry in India is one of the country’s core industrial sectors and plays a significant role in its economic development. The industry primarily depends on the availability of raw materials, especially iron ore and coal. The correct matches are: 

• Bhadravati                          :           Karnataka

• Durgapur                            :           West Bengal

• Salem                                  :           Tamil Nadu

• Burnpur                              :           West Bengal 

Ans: C

Exp:

High technology, or simply high-tech, is the latest generation of manufacturing activities. It is best understood as the application of intensive Research and Development (R&D) efforts leading to the manufacturing of products having an advanced scientific and engineering character. The professionals who work there are known as  Professional (white collar) workers. They make up a large share of the total workforce. Robotics on the assembly line, computer-aided design (CAD) and manufacturing, electronic controls of smelting and refining processes, and the constant development of new chemical and pharmaceutical products are notable examples of high-tech industry. Neatly spaced, low, modern, dispersed, office-plant-lab buildings, rather than massive assembly structures, factories and storage areas , mark the high-tech industrial landscape. High-tech industries which are regionally concentrated, self-sustained and highly specialised are called Technopolies. The Silicon Valley near San Francisco and Silicon Forest near Seattle are examples of Technopolies

Ans: B

Exp:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The factors affecting the location of industries are the availability of raw materials, land, water, labour, power, capital, transport, and markets. Industries are situated where some or all of these factors are easily available. Thus, all Industries are not located just based on the availability of markets only.

Statement 2 is correct: Industrial regions emerge when a number of industries locate close to each other and share the benefits of their closeness. The world’s major industrial regions tend to be located in temperate areas, near sea ports, and especially near coal fields. Major industrial regions of the world are eastern North America, western and central Europe, eastern Europe and eastern Asia.