Ans: C

Exp:

A missile is an intelligent unmanned rocket designed to carry the payload to a designated point with an aim of destroying the object/target. The missile is designed keeping in mind its target, trajectory. warhead, range, velocity and launch platform

The major technologies/mechanisms used in a missile are:

• • Propulsion system: The propulsion system in a missile is required to achieve terminal conditions like range, speed and warhead carrying capability .The missile is propelled either by rockets or jet engines using solid or liquid fuel. Some missiles use hybrid technology for propeling it to its intended point. Hence, Pair 1 is correctly matched.
  • Guidance system: The function of the guidance system is to maintain the missile in its desired fight path by using altitude control mechanism. This is done by controlling the pitch, roll and yaw of the weapon The guidance system operates as an auto-plot, damping out fluctuations that lend to deflect the missile from its intended fight path. Hence, Pair 2 is correctly matched.
    •  Aerodynamic features to include air frame, wings and fins
    • Terminal guidance in case of precision guided weapons

• Warhead: The warhead of a missile is selected keeping in mind its target type it inflicts damage on the target and hence determines the missile’s lethality. An optimum position of burst is used to achieve the desired effect on the target imits-the closer the burst to the target, the smaller the warhead needed in other cases where the missie is required to cause destruction on hard targets, betore detonation of warhead penetration is achieved by employing a variety of technologies. Hence, Pair 3 is correctly matched.

Ans: B

Exp:

The Mach number is a concept in fluid mechanics, represents the ratio of a fluid’s velocity to the velocity of sound within that same fluid. It is named after Ernst Mach (1838–1916), an Austrian physicist and philosopher. When considering an object’s movement through a fluid, like an aircraft in flight, the Mach number equals the object’s velocity relative to the fluid divided by the velocity of sound in that specific fluid. Mach numbers below one signify subsonic flow, while those exceeding one denote supersonic flow.

When an object travels through the air, it disrupts and displaces the air molecules in its vicinity. When the object moves at a lower speed, typically below 200 mph, the fluid’s density remains consistent. However, at higher speeds, some of the object’s energy is used to compress the surrounding fluid, causing localized changes in air density. This compressibility phenomenon results in an adjustment in the forces acting on the object, with its significance growing as the speed increases.

As the object approaches and surpasses the speed of sound, approximately 330 m/s or 700 mph, the compression waves combine to form a powerful shock wave. This shock wave has a notable impact on both the lift and drag experienced by the object.

Ans: D

Exp:

BRAHMOS is a universal long-range supersonic cruise missile system that can be launched from land, sea and air. BRAHMOS has been jointly developed by DRDO, India, and NPOM, Russia. The system has been designed with two variants for Anti-Ship and Land-Attack roles. BRAHMOS Weapon Systems has been inducted and is operational with the Indian Navy (IN) as well as the Indian Army (IA).

All statements are incorrect

Ans: C

Exp:

An improvised explosive device (IED) attack is the use of a “homemade” bomb and/or destructive device to destroy, incapacitate, harass, or distract. IEDs are used by criminals, vandals, terrorists, suicide bombers, and insurgents.

Statement 1 is correct: Because they are improvised, IEDs can come in many forms, ranging from a small pipe bomb to a sophisticated device capable of causing massive damage and loss of life. IEDs can be carried or delivered in a vehicle; carried, placed, or thrown by a person; delivered in a package; or concealed on the roadside.

Statement 2 is correct: Many commonly available materials, such as fertilizer, gunpowder, and hydrogen peroxide, can be used as explosive materials in IEDs.

Statement 3 is correct: Explosives must contain a fuel and an oxidizer, which provides the oxygen needed to sustain the reaction. A common example is ANFO, a mixture of ammonium nitrate, which acts as the oxidizer, and fuel oil (the fuel source).

Ans: A

Exp:

The missiles developed under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme were:

• Short-range surface-to-surface ballistic missile-Prithvi. Hence, Pair 1 is incorrect.

• •  Intermediate-range surface-to-surface ballistic missile  –Agni

• Short-range low-level surface-to-air missile -Trishul . Hence Pair 2 is incorrect

• •  Medium-range surface-to-air missile –Akash

• Third-generation anti-tank missile -Nag . Hence Pair 3 is correct