Ans. C

Exp:

• Statement 1 is correct:The CAQM is a statutory body.
• This body monitors air pollution  in the National Capital Region (NCR).
  • It also coordinates with different states and departments. 
• Jurisdiction: covers  Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh.
• Powers: It can impose fines on polluters. 
• Statement 2 is correct: It is to be chaired by a government official of the rank of Secretary or Chief Secretary.
• It will also have five ex officio members of Chief Secretaries or Secretaries rank in charge in the of Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh.

Ans. (b)

Exp: 

BRICS

• Statement 1 is correct:The acronym was first introduced in 2001 by Jim O’Neill, to denote the group of fastest-growing economies that would dominate the world economy by 2050.
• It consists of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, was previously known as BRIC before South Africa’s inclusion in 2010.
• Statement 2 is correct:The first BRIC Summit was held in 2009 in Russia.
  • BRICS countries are united by their shared economic potential and their desire to play a more prominent role in the global economy. 
  • They are united by their common challenges, such as poverty, inequality and climate change.
• Statement 3 is not  correct: Saudi Arabia and the UAE joined BRICS on January 1 2024.
• At present, the BRICS represents 41% of the global population, 24% of the global GDP, 16% of the global trade, 26% share in world land surface and has world populous and second most populous countries as its members.

Answer: D 

Exp: 

• Bilateral Investment Treaties are international agreements establishing the terms and conditions for private investment by nationals and companies of one country to another country. 
• Statement 1 is correct: The first BIT signed by India was with the UK in 1994.
• They set forth actionable standards of conduct that applied to governments in their treatment of investors from other nations, including: 
• Statement 2 is correct: It provides a mechanism for dispute resolution whereby  an investor  has recourse to international arbitration, often under the auspices of the ICSID (International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes).

Ans: (A)

Exp:

• The Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation(CDSCO)under the Directorate General of Health Services,Ministry of Health & Family Welfare,Government of India is the National Regulatory Authority (NRA) of India. Option (a) is correct
• Headquarter: New Delhi
• Under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, CDSCO is responsible for approval of Drugs, Conduct of Clinical Trials, laying down the standards for Drugs, control over the quality of imported Drugs in the country and coordination of the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice with a view of bring about the uniformity in the enforcement of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act.

Answer: (B)

Exp:

Recently, India Signs Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Agreement (BBNJ) at UNGA.

About Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Agreement (BBNJ):

• Statements 1 is Incorrect:: It is an international treaty under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). 
• It follows an inclusive, integrated, ecosystem-centric approach based on the precautionary principle and promotes using traditional knowledge and the best available scientific knowledge. 
• Statements 2 is Correct:  Parties cannot claim or exercise sovereign rights over marine resources derived from the high seas and ensure fair and equitable sharing of benefits.
• The BBNJ Agreement was agreed upon in March 2023 and is open for signature for two years starting September 2023.
• Statement 3 is Correct: It will be an international legally binding treaty after it enters force 120 days after the 60th ratification, acceptance, approval or accession