Ans: B

Exp:

The movement of the working class during colonial India was an integral part of the larger Indian freedom struggle and the broader labour movement that emerged globally during the 19th and early 20th centuries. The early nationalists made efforts to channelise these movements, especially the Moderates, However:

• They were indifferent to the labour’s cause;
• They differentiated between the labour in the Indian-owned factories and those in the British-owned Factories and did not support the Factory Acts of 1881 and 1891. Hence, Statements 1 and 3 are correct.
• They believed that labour legislations would affect the competitive edge enjoyed by the Indian-owned industries;
• They did not want a division in the movement based on class, as Congress believed in presenting a united front of Indians against the British government. Hence, Statement 2 is incorrect.

Ans: C

Exp:

• Pair 1 is incorrect: The first Governor-General of independent India was Lord Louis Mountbatten. He served as the last Viceroy of India during the period of British rule and continued as the first Governor-General after India gained independence on August 15, 1947.(C. Rajagopalachari was the first Indian Governor General of Independent India )
• Pair 2 is correct: Kshitish Chandra Neogy, commonly known as K.C. Neogy, was one of the members of the First Council of Ministers and served as Minister of Relief and Rehabilitation.
• Pair 3 is correct: Dr. Rajendra Prasad was a prominent leader in the Indian independence movement and a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi. He was elected as the First President of the Constituent Assembly.

Ans: C

Exp:

Delhi Pact on Minorities:

The Indian Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru and the Pakistani Prime minister, Liaquat Ali Khan, signed an agreement on April 8, 1950, to resolve the problems of refugees and restore communal peace in the two countries, especially in Bengal (East Pakistan as well as West Bengal). The agreement, known as the Delhi Pact on Minorities or Nehru- Liaquat Pact, envisaged the appointment of ministers from minority communities in both Pakistan and India at both central and provincial levels. Under the pact, minority commissions were to be set up, together with the Commissions of Inquiry, to look into the probable causes behind the communal riots on both sides of the border.

Ans: D

Exp:

During the freedom struggle of India, several nationalist leaders were influenced by communist ideology and actively participated in the communist movement. The leaders like M.N Roy, Shripad Amrit Dange, Muzaffar Ahmed, Nalini Gupta, Shaukat Usmani, Singaravelu Chettiar, Ghulam Hussain, R.C. Sharm, Rahul Dev Pal, Ajoy Ghosh, Sachchidanand Vishnu Ghate, Bhalchandra Trimbak Ranadive etc. advocated for the rights of workers, peasants, and the marginalised sections of society.

Ans: A

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: The Cabinet Mission Plan was a proposal by the British government in 1946 to address the issues related to  India’s constitutional future and pave the road for independence. Constituent Assembly was set up under the Cabinet Mission Plan.

Statement 2  is incorrect: The Constituent Assembly was indirectly elected by the provincial assemblies, which themselves were elected on the basis of a limited franchise under the Government of India Act of 1935.