Tansen

Context: The Madhya Pradesh High Court dismissed a request to allow religious and cultural events at the tomb of Hazrat Sheikh Muhammad Ghaus in Gwalior.

About Tomb of Hazrat Sheikh Muhammad Ghaus

• It is situated in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. 
• Graves: it houses the graves of:
  • Tansen, legendary musician and one of Akbar’s “nine jewels”
  • Hazrat Sheikh Muhammad Ghaus, a 16th-century Sufi saint
• Features include: Built in Mughal architectural style using sandstone. 
• Cultural Significance:
  • Mohammad Ghaus was a revered 16th-century Sufi saint
  • Tansen, his disciple, wished to be buried near him as a mark of respect

About Tansen

• He was a famous Hindustani classical musician of the 16th century. 
• Original Name: Rāmtanu Pandey, also known as Sangeet Samrāt (Emperor of Music) and Mian Tansen. 
• Gained fame while serving in the court of Raja Ramchandra Singh of Rewa.
• In 1562, he joined Akbar’s royal court where he honoured Tansen as one of his Navratnas and gave title Mian Tansen. 
• Contributions to Indian music
  • Known for composing Dhrupad-style songs – a devotional form of classical music. 
  • Wrote two classical texts – Sri Ganesh Stotra and Sangita Sara.
  • Associated with the establishment of Gwalior Gharana, the oldest gharana in Hindustani music.

Maa Janaki Temple

Context: The Bihar government has issued a notification to form a 9-member trust for building a grand temple dedicated to Maa Janaki (Goddess Sita).

About Maa Janaki Temple

• The temple will be built at Punauradham in Sitamarhi district, Bihar.
  • Sitamarhi is believed to be the birthplace of Maa Janaki.
• The temple will be constructed similar to the Ram Janmabhoomi Mandir in Ayodhya.
• Objective: It aims to be a grand and spiritual center for devotees.

Who is Maa Janaki?

• Maa Janaki, also known as Goddess Sita, is a revered figure in Hindu mythology.
• She is the consort of Lord Rama and the central female character in the epic Ramayana.
• Considered an incarnation of Goddess Lakshmi, she symbolizes purity, devotion, courage, and sacrifice.
• Sita is believed to have been born from the Earth (Bhumi Devi) and discovered by King Janaka while ploughing a field in Mithila.
  • Because of this, she is also called Bhumija (daughter of the Earth) and Ayonija (not born from a womb).

Civil Registration and Vital Statistics

Context: Governments across Asia-Pacific signed a declaration at the 3rd Ministerial Conference on Civil Registration and Vital Statistics

(CRVS) in Bangkok to ensure universal birth and death registration by 2030.

What is CRVS ?

• The United Nations defines civil registration and vital statistics as the “continuous, permanent, compulsory and universal recording of the occurrence and characteristics of vital events of the population in accordance with the law.” 
  • Vital Events include births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and causes of death.

CRVS Decade: Initiated by UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UN ESCAP) in 2014 under the theme “Get every one in the picture”; reviewed progress in a publication released last week.

India’s CRVS System

• The Registrar General and Census Commissioner leads the process; the Ministry of Health supports the National Health Mission.
• The registration of births and deaths is mandatory under the Registration of Births and Deaths (RBD) Act, 1969.
• Digital registration is now possible under the amended RBD Act, 1969.
• Birth registration increased from 86% to over 96% during the CRVS decade.

Sagarmala Finance Corporation Limited (SMFCL)

Context: Recently, the Union Minister of Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW), inaugurated India’s first Maritime Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) — Sagarmala Finance Corporation Limited (SMFCL).

About Sagarmala Finance Corporation Limited (SMFCL)

• SMFCL is formally registered as an NBFC with the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
• Type: Mini Ratna, Category-I Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW)
• Purpose: To bridge financing gaps and provide tailored financial solutions for the maritime sector.
• Focus Areas: Primarily supports ports, MSMEs, startups, shipping companies, and maritime educational institutions.

Adamya

Context: ‘Adamya’ the first Fast Patrol Vessel (FPV) was recently inducted in the Indian Coast Guard (ICG) in Goa. 

About Adamya- Fast Patrol Vessel (FPV)

• Built by: The Vessel was designed and built by the Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) and is part of the eight FPV Project.
• Aim: The FPV will act as force multipliers enabling swift response for maritime law enforcement, coastal surveillance, search and rescue operations, and the protection of India’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).
• Features:
  • The FPV is the first ship in its class to feature Controllable Pitch Propellers (CPPs) and indigenously developed gearboxes
  • Equipments: The vessel is equipped with,
    • An Integrated Bridge System (IBS)
    • An Integrated Platform Management System (IPMS)
    • An Automated Power Management System (APMS).

Global Unicorn Index 2025

Context: The Global Unicorn Index 2025 has been released recently by The Hurun Research Institute.

• As per report, there are 1,523 privately held startups valued at over $1 billion each.

Key Highlights of the Report

• Top 10: The top 10 countries with the highest no of unicorn are,
  • United States of America: It has 758 unicorns in total with six of the world’s ten most valuable unicorns based here.
    • San Francisco retains its title as the “Unicorn Capital of the World,” with 199 unicorns
  • China: China has 343 unicorns in total spread across key hubs like Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen. 
    • China has three of the ten most valuable unicorns ie. ByteDance, Ant Group, and Shein.
  • India: India is at no. 3 spot with a total of 64 unicorns.
    • Cities: Bengaluru ranks at no. 7, followed by Mumbai at rank 22 and Gurugram debuting  at 27th rank.
    • Example: Zerodha ($8.2 billion), Dream11 ($8 billion) and Razorpay ($7.5 billion), are the country’s most notable unicorns in 2025.
  • Other: Other countries in top 10 are, UK; Germany; France; Canada; Israel; South Korea and Singapore

About Unicorn

• Coined by: This term, coined by American venture capitalist Aileen Lee in 2013
• Unicorns are referred to as a privately held startup company with a valuation of over $1 billion (PYQ+ EPFO-2023).

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