Ans: C

Exp:

The Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA), in an advisory issued, has warned manufacturers, advertisers, publishers, intermediaries, social media platforms, endorsers, and broadcasters against advertisements promoting illegal activities such as betting and gambling.

Statement 1 is correct: The CCPA will have the powers to inquire or investigate matters relating to violations of consumer rights or unfair trade practices suo motu, or on a complaint received, or on a direction from the central government.

Statement 2 is correct: The authority is constituted under Section 10(1) of The Consumer Protection Act, 2019. 

• The Act replaced The Consumer Protection Act, 1986, and seeks to widen its scope in addressing consumer concerns.

Ans: A

Exp:

Pair 1 is correctly matched: Dolutegravir is an antiretroviral medication used, together with other medication, to treat HIV/AIDS. 

• Resistance to the antiretroviral drug dolutegravir (DTG) is increasing among HIV patients, a new report by the World Health Organization (WHO) highlighted.

Pair 2 is incorrectly matched: Ozempic was developed for its ability to stimulate insulin secretion, and is FDA approved for use in adults with type 2 diabetes. 

• It is also used as an anti-obesity medication used for long-term weight management. Recently Ozempic is used blatantly as a  weight-loss drug by many celebrities.

Pair 3 is incorrectly matched: Bedaquiline is a medication used to treat active tuberculosis.

• Specifically, it is employed in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) when other medications are ineffective.

Ans: C

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: El Nino (meaning Little Boy in Spanish) is a periodic warming of the ocean surface in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.

• It is one of the two phases of a climate pattern called El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
• In the other phase, called La Nina (meaning Little Girl in Spanish), cold water in the central and eastern Pacific Oceans rises to the surface.
• This alternating presence of warm and cold water in this region triggers different yet significant impacts on weather patterns around the world.

Statement 2 is incorrect: El Nino events occur irregularly at two to seven year intervals on an average and typically lasts nine to 12 months.

• However, El Nino is not a regular cycle, or predictable in the sense that ocean tides are. 

Statement 3 is correct: It is associated with increased rainfall in the Horn of Africa and the southern US, and unusually dry and warm conditions in Southeast Asia, Australia and southern Africa.

Ans: B

Exp:

• Oran is the name of the sacred groove/conservation areas in Rajasthan, India.
• An Oran typically encompasses diverse elements like woodlots, pastures, orchards, and various habitats, all strategically situated around water sources like natural springs, rivulets, or man-made ponds. 
• The villagers use gum, timber, forest produce and wild vegetables from orans for their livelihood and daily use.
• The community has a close relationship with orans, which hold cultural and religious significance.

Ans: D

Exp:

The Supreme Court on Wednesday imposed a ban on tiger safari in the core areas of  Uttarakhand’s Jim Corbett National Park.

Statement 1 is incorrect: Jim Corbett National Park is the first National Park of India and was established in 1936. 

• It was established in 1936 at the Himalayas’ foothills, near the popular hill-station of Nainital in Uttarakhand.
• It is named after the legendary naturalist and conservationist Jim Corbett.  
•  It is also the place where Project Tiger was first launched in the year 1973. 

Statement 2 is incorrect: The Supreme Court in its recent judgement, prohibited tiger safaris within the core areas of the park. 

• However, tiger safaris are still permitted in the peripheral and buffer zones surrounding the national park. 

• The court’s decision aims to strike a balance between promoting tourism and safeguarding the natural habitat of these majestic creatures.