The United States has  launched a formal review of the AUKUS submarine agreement with Australia and the United Kingdom. 

Reasons for the US Review

• “America First” Alignment: The review aims to ensure the agreement aligns with the “America First” priorities of the current US administration.
• Production and Spending Concerns: The review will examine the production rate of Virginia-class submarines, which are behind schedule, raising concerns about the US ability to meet its own fleet demands while supplying Australia.
• Australia’s Defense Spending: The US is pressuring Australia to increase its defense spending from 2% to 3.5% of GDP.

What is Aukus?

• AUKUS is a trilateral security partnership between Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. 
• The AUKUS pact was officially announced in September 2021.
• Countering China: Its primary goal is to counter China’s growing influence in the Indo-Pacific.
• The agreement has two main pillars:
  • Phased Acquisition:
    • Pillar 1: Nuclear Submarines for Australia : Australia will buy three second-hand Virginia-class submarines from the US starting in 2032.
    • Later, the UK and Australia will co-develop a new nuclear-powered submarine model, using technology from all three nations. These submarines will be built in Britain and Australia, ensuring a collaborative defense effort.
    • Pillar 2: Military Technology Collaboration:  AUKUS will enhance cooperation in cutting-edge defense technologies, including long-range hypersonic missiles, AI for military applications, and undersea robotics. The pact aims to boost security capabilities among the three allies, ensuring regional stability in the Indo-Pacific.

Impact of AUKUS on India

• Balancing regional power: AUKUS counters China’s growing influence, which can be beneficial for India as this shift will help in reducing unilateral dominance of China in the Indo-pacific region.
• Technological collaboration: India can leverage AUKUS pillar -2 that focuses on advanced military technology such as AI, cyber security, and undersea robotics, thereby strengthening naval capacities. 
• Strategic realignment in the Indo-pacific: AUKUS strengthens Australia’s military capabilities, which can change the regional power dominance. Therefore, India should reassess its own defense mechanisms. 

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