At the UNFCCC CoP30 in Belém, Brazil, India delivered statements on behalf of the BASIC (Brazil, South Africa, India, China) and LMDC (Like-Minded Developing Countries) groups, reaffirming commitment to equity, climate justice, and multilateralism.

Key Points from India’s Statement at CoP30

• Commitment to Multilateralism: India emphasized its strong support for multilateralism, rejecting unilateral climate-related measures and advocating for international cooperation on climate change.
• Equity and Common but Differentiated Responsibilities (CBDR-Respective Capabilities): India reiterated the importance of equity and CBDR-RC as the foundation of the Paris Agreement and called for its continued application to ensure fairness in climate action.
• Climate Finance: India highlighted climate finance as a key barrier to increasing global climate ambition, specifically:
  • A clear and universally agreed definition of climate finance.
  • Greater public finance flows for adaptation, especially for vulnerable populations.
  • Developed countries must honor legal obligations under Article 9.1 of the Paris Agreement to provide finance to developing countries.
  • India called for a fifteen times increase in current Adaptation Finance flows to address the scale of climate vulnerability in the Global South.
• Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA): India pushed for a strong outcome on the Global Goal on Adaptation, calling for a minimum package of indicators and flexibility for countries based on national circumstances.
• • It also supported the UAE–Belém Work Programme and built upon outcomes from the Baku Adaptation Roadmap (CoP29) to ensure that no country or community is left behind.
• Climate Technologies & Technology Transfer: India pushed for reliable, affordable, and equitable access to climate technologies, highlighting:
  • Need for a strong outcome under the Technology Implementation Programme.
  • Barriers such as intellectual property rights (IPR) and market constraints.
  • Importance of facilitating true technology transfer to developing countries.
• Just Transitions Work Programme: India called for the UNFCCC Just Transitions Work Programme to result in action-oriented institutional arrangements that ensure equity, social inclusivity, and narrow the development gap between the Global North and South..
• Developed Countries’ Obligations: India underscored the historical responsibility of developed nations:
  • They must achieve net-zero emissions earlier than developing countries.
  • Invest in negative emissions technologies.
  • Fulfill commitments related to finance, technology transfer, and capacity-building.

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Significance of India’s Position

• Reinforces India’s role as a leader of the Global South in climate negotiations.
• Highlights long-standing structural issues such as finance, technology access, and equity, that remain central to COP outcomes.
• Aligns with India’s broader climate diplomacy initiatives such as LiFE, International Solar Alliance, Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure, and its Panchamrit commitments.

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