SAKSHAM-3000

Context : Minister of State for Communications and Rural Development launched SAKSHAM-3000, a next-generation switch-cum-router, at the Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT) campus in Delhi. 

What is SAKSHAM-3000 ?

• It is a state-of-the-art data centre switch-cum-router designed for next-generation digital infrastructure  developed by Development of Telematics (C-DOT).
• A 25.6 Tbps high-capacity switch-router developed indigenously by C-DOT.
• Designed for modern data centres, cloud computing, 5G/6G networks, AI workloads, and large-scale computing clusters.
• Supports 32 ports of 400G with speeds ranging from 1G to 400G.
• Equipped with a modular C-DOT Router Operating System (CROS).
• Offers ultra-low latency, wire-speed processing, and high energy efficiency.

About Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT) 

• The C-DOT was founded in 1984 as an autonomous telecom research and development organization under the Department of Telecommunications, Ministry of Communications. 
• It operates as a registered society under the Societies Registration Act of 1860.
• It is recognized as a ‘public funded research institution‘ by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR), Ministry of Science & Technology, Government of India. 
• C-DOT has played a pioneering role in advancing telecom technology and has been instrumental in the digitization of India’s telecom network.

Super Nova

Context: Astronomers have obtained the first photographic evidence of a rare double-detonation Type Ia supernova, using the Very Large Telescope (VLT) at the European Southern Observatory in Chile.

What is Double Detonation?

• A Double Detonation is a type of supernova explosion involving a white dwarf star, specifically one that is accreting helium from a companion star.
• It’s called “double detonation” because two separate nuclear explosions occur in sequence.
• It took place in the Large Magellanic Cloud — a nearby galaxy, about 160,000 light-years away, in the Dorado constellation.

Significance

• It helps explain where elements like calcium, sulfur, and iron come from. These elements are the building blocks of planets, life, and even our own bodies.

What is Super Nova ?

• A supernova is a powerful and luminous explosion that occurs when a star reaches the end of its life cycle. 
• It marks the dramatic death of a star and results in the release of an enormous amount of energy, briefly outshining entire galaxies.

Bajirao Peshwa I

Context: Union Home Minister Amit Shah unveiled the statue of Shrimant Bajirao Peshwa I at the National Defence Academy (NDA), Pune, Maharashtra.

About Bajirao 1 Peshwa’s Legacy

• Fought 41 battles in 20 years — never lost a single one.
• Known for strategy, speed, patriotism, and sacrifice.
• Led from the front — never dismounted his horse in war.
• Built Shaniwarwada, reformed water management, and battled social evils.
• Referred to as an invincible commander and the greatest disciple of Shivaji Maharaj.

“3 by 35” Initiative

Context: Recently, WHO launched the “3 by 35” Initiative to raise real prices on tobacco, alcohol, and sugary drinks to reduce their consumption and generate revenue for public health.

About the “3 by 35” Initiative

• The initiative is designed to address the rising burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and generate public revenue for health and development funding.
• Significance: The 3 by 35 Initiative contributes to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequality).
• Key Objectives of the Initiative
  • Increase Health Taxes: Raise real prices of tobacco, alcohol, and sugary drinks by at least 50% by 2035 through effective tax policies.
  • Generate Revenue: Mobilize US$ 1 trillion in public revenue globally over the next decade.
  • Reduce Consumption: Lower the consumption of harmful products, reducing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes.

DOWNLOAD PDF