INS TRIKAND

Context: Indian Naval Ship Trikand, a stealth frigate of the Indian Navy, completed its port call at Alexandria, Egypt during its ongoing deployment to the Mediterranean Sea.

About INS Trikand

• Overview: INS Trikand is a Talwar-class guided missile frigate and the third ship of the second batch ordered by the Indian Navy.
• Commissioning: Built at Yantar Shipyard, Kaliningrad (Russia), it was commissioned on 29 June 2013.
• Design & Technology: Features stealth technology and a special hull design to reduce radar cross-section, with a mix of Russian and Indian systems.
• Weaponry: It is equipped with BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles.

World Boxing Championships 2025

Context: PM Modi congratulated Indian boxer Minakshi for winning the gold medal in the 48kg category at the World Boxing Championships 2025 held in Liverpool.

Key Highlights of Women’s World Boxing Championships 2025

• Minakshi Hooda won  gold in the 48kg final, by beating Kazakhstan’s three-time world champion Nazym Kyzaibay.
• Jaismine Lamboria: Secured her first World Championships medal by defeating Poland’s Julia Szeremeta 4-1, becoming the ninth Indian woman boxer to win a world title.
• Other Medalists: Nupur Sheoran (+80kg) won silver, while Pooja Rani (80kg) claimed bronze.
• Overall Achievement: India delivered its best-ever overseas World Championships performance with 2 golds, 1 silver, and 1 bronze.
• Indian world champions: 
  • Mary Kom (six-time winner) in 48 kg & Bronze medal (2012 London Olympics) in 51 Kg category.
  • Nikhat Zareen (two-time champion),
  • Sarita Devi, Jenny RL, Lekha KC, Nitu Ghanghas, Lovlina Borgohain, and Saweety Boora.

National Engineers’ Day-2025

Context:  PM Modi, ministers pay tribute to Sir M Visvesvaraya on Engineers’ Day (15 Sept 2025), highlighting engineers’ role in innovation, nation-building, and Viksit Bharat.

About Engineers’ Day

• Definition: It  Commemoration of Sir M. Visvesvaraya’s birth anniversary (15 Sept), celebrated across India since 1968.
• Institutional basis: Declared by Govt of India to honour engineers’ contributions to development.
• Purpose: To inspire innovation, recognise engineering excellence, and link technology with national progress.

About Sir M. Visvesvaraya (1861–1962)

• M Visvesvaraya was born on 15 September, 1861 in Muddenahalli
• village, in the princely state of Mysore.
• He is regarded as one of India’s greatest engineers whose pioneering work revolutionised infrastructure development.
• Key contributions:
  • Infra building: Krishna Raja Sagara Dam (Mysore).
    • Innovated automatic floodgates (1903, patented).
  • Key role in founding institutions: Bank of Mysore (1913), Mysore Soap Factory, Engineering College Bangalore (now UVCE).
• Governance: Served as Diwan of Mysore (1912–18); pushed for industrialisation, irrigation, and modern education.
• Recognition: Bharat Ratna (1955); Knight Commander of the British Indian Empire (1915).

Androth

Context: Indian Navy received ‘Androth’, 2nd of 8 Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Crafts (ASW-SWC).

• ‘INS Arnala’ was 1st (delivered 2023) and remaining to be inducted by 2027.

About Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC)

• Naming after Androth Island (Lakshadweep) symbolic of India’s maritime sovereignty.
• Built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata.
• Features:
  • Length ~77m, propulsion: diesel engine–waterjet (first of its kind for IN).
  • Equipped with lightweight torpedoes, indigenous ASW rockets, advanced sonar & surveillance systems.
• Purpose & Implications: Coastal defence, submarine detection, deterrence against infiltration, strategic monitoring of choke points.
  
• Strategic context: China expanding submarine presence in Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
  • The Pakistan Navy is also modernising (Chinese-origin submarines).
• Benefits: Enhanced surveillance, deterrence, naval presence in littoral waters; boosts coastal security & EEZ monitoring.
• Supports Aatmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliance in defence); reduces dependence on imports; boosts shipbuilding ecosystem.

National Hindi Diwas

Context: Hindi Diwas celebrated nationwide 14 Sept 2025.

• Theme for 2025: “Strength of National Integration and Global Identity,”

About National Hindi Diwas

• Definition: Observed annually on 14 Sept to commemorate adoption of Hindi as an official language.
• Legal/Constitutional basis:
  • Art. 343 (Part XVII, Official Language):  Hindi in Devanagari script is the official language of the Union.
  • English permitted for official purposes initially for 15 yrs, extended by Official Languages Act, 1963.
• Purpose: Promote Hindi’s use in administration, celebrate linguistic unity, highlight India’s linguistic diversity.
• Institutional support: Department of Official Language (MHA), awards like Rajbhasha Kirti for promotion.

Hindi Language

• Most spoken language in India (~44% as per Census 2011); 4th most spoken globally.
• Type/Nature: Indo-Aryan language, written in Devanagari script; evolved from Sanskrit via Prakrits and Apabhramsha.
• Status:
  • 22 scheduled languages (Art. 8th Schedule).
  • Hindi is the official language of 9 states + Union official language.
• Global presence: Spoken by ~60 crore people; diaspora communities (Mauritius, Fiji, Suriname, Gulf, US, UK) actively use Hindi.
• Historical role: Used as lingua franca in freedom movement; leaders like Gandhi, Nehru, Subramania Bharati promoted vernacular languages for mass mobilisation.

About World Hindi Diwas

• World Hindi Day, observed annually on January 10, commemorates the first World Hindi Conference held in Nagpur, India, in 1975.

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