Indian researchers from the Raman Research Institute (RRI), Bengaluru, have developed and certified truly random numbers.

Key Achievement of Indian Research

• Breakthrough: RRI researchers generated true random numbers on a commercial quantum computer.
  • Their method is robust to real-world noise and disturbances, moving beyond laboratory-scale setups.
• Innovation: The team used time-separated measurements of single particles to demonstrate violations of the Leggett-Garg inequality, confirming genuine quantum randomness without relying on large spatial setup

What Are Random Numbers?

• Random numbers are numbers generated through completely unpredictable processes, not by following any pattern or algorithm.
• Use: They form the foundation of modern digital security, including encryption keys, passwords, and authentication systems, ensuring protection against hacking by making data impossible to predict or decode,
• Pseudorandom Numbers: Currently, most systems use pseudorandom numbers, generated by computer algorithms.
  • While secure for now, they are not truly random and may become vulnerable with quantum computing advancements.
• True Quantum Randomness: True randomness exists in natural processes, particularly in the quantum behaviour of microscopic particles, where outcomes are unpredictable until measured.
• Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNGs): A QRNG measures properties of particles, such as photons or electrons, to produce sequences of 0s and 1s that are genuinely random.
• Certification of Randomness: Device-independent methods, such as those using entanglement or Leggett-Garg inequality violations, certify that the numbers are truly unpredictable

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Significance for Quantum Computing and Digital Security

• Provides a foundation for hack-proof encryption in the post-quantum era.
• Ensures device-independent certification of randomness, minimizing vulnerabilities from faulty or biased systems.
• Positions India as a global leader in quantum cryptography and cybersecurity, aligning with the National Quantum Mission and advancing secure digital infrastructure.

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