Option (c) is correct.

Explanation:

• The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Education, headed by ruling party MP, has advised the Centre to hold discussions on a report titled ‘Implementation of the National Education Policy, 2020 in Higher Education’.
• Key Features of National Education Policy, 2020:
  • Statement 1 is correct: Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education to be raised to 50% by 2035. Also, 3.5 crore seats to be added in higher education.
  • Statement 2 is correct: It envisages creation of the National Research Foundation for fostering a strong research culture and building research capacity across higher education.
  • Statement 3 is correct: National Assessment Centre- ‘PARAKH’ has been created to assess the students.
    • PARAKH stands for ‘Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development’
  • It proposes multiple entry and multiple exit options for the students in higher education.
  • It also paves the way for foreign universities to set up campuses in India.
  • Vocational Education will be provided starting from Class 6 with Internships.

Option (c) is correct

Explanation

• The Kerala government has raised concerns against the Centre’s recent interventions in the state’s co-operative sector.
• Key Features of ‘Multi-State Cooperative Societies (Amendment) Bill, 2022 Bill’:
  • The Bill amends to provide that any shares held by the central and state governments cannot be redeemed without their prior approval.
  • Statement 1 is correct: It establishes the Co-operative Election Authority to conduct and supervise elections to the boards of multi-state co-operative societies. 
  • The Authority will consist of a chairperson, vice-chairperson, and up to three members appointed by the central government on the recommendations of a selection committee.
  • Statement 2 is correct:The central government will appoint one or more Cooperative Ombudsmen with territorial jurisdiction.
  • The Bill allows state co-operative societies to merge into an existing multi-state co-operative society, subject to the respective state laws with   at least two-thirds of the members consent

Option (d) is correct

Explanation

• The Cauvery water-sharing issue between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu has flared up again, despite the Supreme Court giving its verdict on the 200-year-old dispute in 2018.
• Parties to Cauvery Water Dispute: Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka and Puducherry.
• Article 262 deals with the adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter-state rivers or river valleys.
• The resolution of water disputes is governed by the Inter-State River Water Disputes Act, 1956.
  • According to its provisions, if a State Government makes a request regarding any water dispute and the Central Government is of opinion that the water dispute cannot be settled by negotiations, then a Water Disputes Tribunal is constituted for the adjudication of the water dispute.
    • For Example:  Mahanadi Water Disputes Tribunal 

Option (a) is correct

Explanation:

• The Prime Minister paid tribute to Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay on his birth anniversary.
• He was a journalist in ‘Rashtra Dharma’ daily, worked as editor for ‘Panchjanya’ and wrote a column named ‘Political Diary’ for the weekly ‘the Organiser’. His mantra for journalism was ‘Don’t distort the news’.
• His philosophy of Integral Humanism contains visions organized around two themes: Morality in politics and swadeshi, Small-scale industrialization in economies.
• Literary Contribution:
  • Samrat Chandragupt, Jagatguru Shankaracharya, Political Diary, Integral humanism, Ekatma manavvad.

Option (b) is correct

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: During the ongoing U.N. General Assembly session, the “L-69” grouping of developing countries, in a meeting hosted by India, gave a renewed call for the reform of the United Nations Security Council.
• It focuses upon the inclusion of both more permanent and non-permanent members in the council. 
• Statement 2 is not correct: The L-69 is a grouping that includes countries from Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Pacific Island states.