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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
2 points
Consider the following provisions under the Directive Principles of State Policy as enshrined in the Constitution of India:
Promote educational and economic interests of the weaker sections
Equal pay for equal work
Uniform Civil Code
Separate judiciary from the executive
Establish international peace and security
Which of the above are the Liberal-Intellectual Principles that are reflected in the Directive Principles of State Policy?
Correct
Ans: C
Exp:
On August 15, as India celebrated its 78th Independence Day, Prime Minister Narendra Modi called for the implementation of a Secular Civil Code (SCC) stood out, reigniting a debate that has been lingering for decades in his independence day speech.
About Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP):
Articles 36-51 in Part IV of the Indian Constitution outline the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP).
Borrowed from the Irish Constitution, which in turn drew from the Spanish Constitution, these principles guide the state in policy-making and legislation, such as ensuring equal pay for equal work for men and women.
Although important, they are non-justiciable and cannot be legally enforced.
Directive Principles are not categorised in the constitution based on their underlying philosophies, they can be grouped into three categories: socialist, Gandhian, and liberal-intellectual.
Socialist Principles: These principles contemplate the ideology of socialism and lay down the framework of a democratic socialist state.
Option 2 is Incorrect: Equal pay for equal work
Gandhian Principles: These principles embody the reconstruction program articulated by Gandhi during the national movement.
Option 1 is Incorrect: Promote educational and economic interests of the weaker sections
Liberal-Intellectual Principles: These principles align with liberal ideology.
Option 3 is correct: Uniform Civil Code
Option 4 is correct: Separate judiciary from the executive
Option 5 is correct: Establish international peace and security
Incorrect
Ans: C
Exp:
On August 15, as India celebrated its 78th Independence Day, Prime Minister Narendra Modi called for the implementation of a Secular Civil Code (SCC) stood out, reigniting a debate that has been lingering for decades in his independence day speech.
About Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP):
Articles 36-51 in Part IV of the Indian Constitution outline the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP).
Borrowed from the Irish Constitution, which in turn drew from the Spanish Constitution, these principles guide the state in policy-making and legislation, such as ensuring equal pay for equal work for men and women.
Although important, they are non-justiciable and cannot be legally enforced.
Directive Principles are not categorised in the constitution based on their underlying philosophies, they can be grouped into three categories: socialist, Gandhian, and liberal-intellectual.
Socialist Principles: These principles contemplate the ideology of socialism and lay down the framework of a democratic socialist state.
Option 2 is Incorrect: Equal pay for equal work
Gandhian Principles: These principles embody the reconstruction program articulated by Gandhi during the national movement.
Option 1 is Incorrect: Promote educational and economic interests of the weaker sections
Liberal-Intellectual Principles: These principles align with liberal ideology.
Option 3 is correct: Uniform Civil Code
Option 4 is correct: Separate judiciary from the executive
Option 5 is correct: Establish international peace and security
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
2 points
Which one of the following is the correct description of “Hayflick limit”?
Correct
Ans: C
Exp:
About Hayflick Limit:
The Hayflick limit refers to the number of times a normal somatic (non-reproductive) cell can divide before it stops, typically between 40 to 60 times. This phenomenon was discovered by Leonard Hayflick in the early 1960s.
Cause of Aging:
Hayflick proposed that the cessation of cell division, leading to the accumulation of senescent cells (cells that no longer divide), is a fundamental cause of ageing.
This suggests an intrinsic cellular clock that determines the lifespan of organisms, with the “ultimate Hayflick limit” for humans estimated at around 125 years.
Application Across Species:
The Hayflick limit varies among species, correlating with their lifespans.
For example, cells from Galapagos turtles, which can live for centuries, divide approximately 110 times, whereas cells from laboratory mice, with much shorter lifespans, become senescent after around 15 divisions.
Hence, option C is correct.
Incorrect
Ans: C
Exp:
About Hayflick Limit:
The Hayflick limit refers to the number of times a normal somatic (non-reproductive) cell can divide before it stops, typically between 40 to 60 times. This phenomenon was discovered by Leonard Hayflick in the early 1960s.
Cause of Aging:
Hayflick proposed that the cessation of cell division, leading to the accumulation of senescent cells (cells that no longer divide), is a fundamental cause of ageing.
This suggests an intrinsic cellular clock that determines the lifespan of organisms, with the “ultimate Hayflick limit” for humans estimated at around 125 years.
Application Across Species:
The Hayflick limit varies among species, correlating with their lifespans.
For example, cells from Galapagos turtles, which can live for centuries, divide approximately 110 times, whereas cells from laboratory mice, with much shorter lifespans, become senescent after around 15 divisions.
Hence, option C is correct.
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
2 points
With reference to the International Court of Justice (ICJ), consider the following statements:
The ICJ is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations and it was established in June 1955.
Opinions provided by the court in advisory proceedings are essentially advisory and binding.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: D
Exp:
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) will present an ‘advisory opinion’ which can potentially pave the way for the criminalisation of climate inaction in adherence to international law.
About International Court of Justice (ICJ):
Statement 1 is Incorrect: The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations (UN). It was established in June 1945 by the Charter of the United Nations and began work in April 1946.
International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent judicial body established by the Rome Statute (1998) to investigate, prosecute, and try individuals accused of genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and the crime of aggression, and to impose prison sentences upon individuals who are found guilty of such crimes.
Article 33 of the United Nations Charter: It lists the negotiation, enquiry, mediation etc. methods for the pacific settlement of disputes between States.
Unlike the International Court of Justice, which hears disputes between states, the ICC handles prosecutions of individuals.
International Court of Justice (ICJ) acts as a world court with two fold jurisdiction i.e. legal disputes between States submitted to it by them (contentious cases) and requests for advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by United Nations organs and specialized agencies (advisory proceedings).
Advisory proceedings before the Court are only open to five organs of the United Nations and 16 specialized agencies of the United Nations family or affiliated organizations.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: Opinions provided by the court in advisory proceedings are essentially advisory and not binding.
Incorrect
Ans: D
Exp:
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) will present an ‘advisory opinion’ which can potentially pave the way for the criminalisation of climate inaction in adherence to international law.
About International Court of Justice (ICJ):
Statement 1 is Incorrect: The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations (UN). It was established in June 1945 by the Charter of the United Nations and began work in April 1946.
International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent judicial body established by the Rome Statute (1998) to investigate, prosecute, and try individuals accused of genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and the crime of aggression, and to impose prison sentences upon individuals who are found guilty of such crimes.
Article 33 of the United Nations Charter: It lists the negotiation, enquiry, mediation etc. methods for the pacific settlement of disputes between States.
Unlike the International Court of Justice, which hears disputes between states, the ICC handles prosecutions of individuals.
International Court of Justice (ICJ) acts as a world court with two fold jurisdiction i.e. legal disputes between States submitted to it by them (contentious cases) and requests for advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by United Nations organs and specialized agencies (advisory proceedings).
Advisory proceedings before the Court are only open to five organs of the United Nations and 16 specialized agencies of the United Nations family or affiliated organizations.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: Opinions provided by the court in advisory proceedings are essentially advisory and not binding.
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
2 points
With reference to the Ethanol Blending Programme (EBP), consider the following statements:
The Indian government has pledged to meet a 15% ethanol blending target by 2025-26.
In the period of 2019-23, the average ethanol production was more from sugarcane-based distilleries than grain-based distilleries
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: B
Exp:
Recently, maize import has increased from April to June of this year compared to last year at a time when maize has been used to produce more fuel ethanol to compensate for restrictions on using sugarcane products.
About Ethanol Blending Programme (EBP),
Launched in: The Ethanol Blending Programme was launched in January 2003.
Aim: The programme sought to promote the use of alternative and environment friendly fuels and to reduce import dependency for energy requirements.
Used Source:Sugarcane and its by-products like B molasses are the major source of ethanol production in India. Other sources for producing ethanol are corn, rice, and barley.
Statement 1 is Incorrect: Current Ethanol Blending Target: The Indian government has pledged to meet a 20% ethanol blending target by 2025-26. This target is referred to as E20 (20% ethanol blending with petrol) by 2025.
Statement 2 is Correct
Expanding sugarcane cultivation would redirect irrigation water from essential food-grain crops, exacerbating concerns about agricultural sustainability.
To make up for the shortfall due to restrictions on B-heavy molasses, grain-based distilleries, mainly maize, have likely been operating at full capacity to keep up with the blending percentages this year.
Incorrect
Ans: B
Exp:
Recently, maize import has increased from April to June of this year compared to last year at a time when maize has been used to produce more fuel ethanol to compensate for restrictions on using sugarcane products.
About Ethanol Blending Programme (EBP),
Launched in: The Ethanol Blending Programme was launched in January 2003.
Aim: The programme sought to promote the use of alternative and environment friendly fuels and to reduce import dependency for energy requirements.
Used Source:Sugarcane and its by-products like B molasses are the major source of ethanol production in India. Other sources for producing ethanol are corn, rice, and barley.
Statement 1 is Incorrect: Current Ethanol Blending Target: The Indian government has pledged to meet a 20% ethanol blending target by 2025-26. This target is referred to as E20 (20% ethanol blending with petrol) by 2025.
Statement 2 is Correct
Expanding sugarcane cultivation would redirect irrigation water from essential food-grain crops, exacerbating concerns about agricultural sustainability.
To make up for the shortfall due to restrictions on B-heavy molasses, grain-based distilleries, mainly maize, have likely been operating at full capacity to keep up with the blending percentages this year.
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
2 points
With reference to the waterspouts, consider the following statements:
They occur when there are high levels of humidity and relatively warm water temperatures compared to the overlying air.
Waterspouts are typically smaller in scale compared to tornadoes
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: C
Exp:
Recently, there was a human casualty after a luxury yacht sank was hit by a violent storm off the coast of Sicily, Italy. Experts suggest the storm could have been a waterspout — essentially a tornado over water.
About Waterspouts:
A waterspout is a large column of air and mist rotating over a water body. It is a weaker cousin of tornadoes and typically lasts for around five minutes — occasionally it can last up to 10 minutes.
Statement 1 is Correct: They occur when there are high levels of humidity and relatively warm water temperatures compared to the overlying air.
Statement 2 is Correct: The average waterspout can be around 165 feet(50m) in diameter, with wind speeds of 100 kilometres per hour. On the other hand, the largest tornado path widths can exceed one mile. The usual diameter of a tornado is between 50 and 1,000 m (average ~ 100 m)
Widths can even vary considerably during a single tornado, since its size can change during its lifetime. Although waterspouts are more common in tropical waters, they can appear anywhere.
Incorrect
Ans: C
Exp:
Recently, there was a human casualty after a luxury yacht sank was hit by a violent storm off the coast of Sicily, Italy. Experts suggest the storm could have been a waterspout — essentially a tornado over water.
About Waterspouts:
A waterspout is a large column of air and mist rotating over a water body. It is a weaker cousin of tornadoes and typically lasts for around five minutes — occasionally it can last up to 10 minutes.
Statement 1 is Correct: They occur when there are high levels of humidity and relatively warm water temperatures compared to the overlying air.
Statement 2 is Correct: The average waterspout can be around 165 feet(50m) in diameter, with wind speeds of 100 kilometres per hour. On the other hand, the largest tornado path widths can exceed one mile. The usual diameter of a tornado is between 50 and 1,000 m (average ~ 100 m)
Widths can even vary considerably during a single tornado, since its size can change during its lifetime. Although waterspouts are more common in tropical waters, they can appear anywhere.
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format Integration of PYQ within the booklet Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध
Quick Revise Now ! UDAAN PRELIMS WALLAH
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format Integration of PYQ within the booklet Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध
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