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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
2 points
With reference to the Principal Purpose Test (PPT) in international taxation, consider the following statements:
The PPT is an anti-abuse measure included in tax treaties to prevent treaty benefits from being granted if one of the principal purposes of a transaction is to obtain such benefits.
The PPT provision is binding on all countries that are signatories to the OECD’s Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) framework, regardless of their domestic laws.
The PPT is designed to be applied retroactively to address past cases of treaty abuse.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: A
Exp:
The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has issued fresh guidelines on the applicability of the Principal Purpose Test (PPT) under Double Tax Avoidance Agreements (DTAAs).
These provisions will apply prospectively and clarify India’s approach to tax treaty benefits, excluding specific treaty commitments with Cyprus, Mauritius, and Singapore.
Statement 1 is correct: The PPT is an anti-abuse rule aimed at ensuring that tax treaty benefits are not granted if the main purpose of a transaction or arrangement is to gain undue tax advantages.
Statement 2 is incorrect: While the PPT is part of the BEPS Action Plan 6 and recommended for inclusion in tax treaties, its implementation depends on bilateral agreements and is not automatically binding on all signatories.
Statement 3 is incorrect: The PPT is not designed to apply retroactively; it is applied prospectively as per the terms of the tax treaty.
Incorrect
Ans: A
Exp:
The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has issued fresh guidelines on the applicability of the Principal Purpose Test (PPT) under Double Tax Avoidance Agreements (DTAAs).
These provisions will apply prospectively and clarify India’s approach to tax treaty benefits, excluding specific treaty commitments with Cyprus, Mauritius, and Singapore.
Statement 1 is correct: The PPT is an anti-abuse rule aimed at ensuring that tax treaty benefits are not granted if the main purpose of a transaction or arrangement is to gain undue tax advantages.
Statement 2 is incorrect: While the PPT is part of the BEPS Action Plan 6 and recommended for inclusion in tax treaties, its implementation depends on bilateral agreements and is not automatically binding on all signatories.
Statement 3 is incorrect: The PPT is not designed to apply retroactively; it is applied prospectively as per the terms of the tax treaty.
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
2 points
With reference to India’s advancements in hypersonic technology, consider the following statements:
Hypersonic missiles travel at speeds of Mach 5 or higher and can evade most existing air defense systems.
The scramjet engine, a critical component of hypersonic vehicles, requires moving parts to handle airflow at hypersonic speeds.
Bramhos is a hypersonic missile developed jointly by India and Russia.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: A
Exp:
India has achieved a significant milestone in hypersonic technology with the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducting a 120-second ground test of an active cooled scramjet combustor.
This marks a crucial step in the development of next-generation hypersonic missiles.
Statement 1 is correct: Hypersonic missiles indeed travel at speeds of Mach 5 or higher and have the capability to evade most existing air defense systems due to their speed and maneuverability.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Scramjet engines do not require moving parts to handle airflow at hypersonic speeds. They are specifically designed as air-breathing engines that compress air through high-speed flow.
Statement 3 is incorrect: BrahMos is not a hypersonic missile but a supersonic cruise missile. However, India and Russia are working on a hypersonic version of BrahMos known as BrahMos-II, which is still under development.
Incorrect
Ans: A
Exp:
India has achieved a significant milestone in hypersonic technology with the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducting a 120-second ground test of an active cooled scramjet combustor.
This marks a crucial step in the development of next-generation hypersonic missiles.
Statement 1 is correct: Hypersonic missiles indeed travel at speeds of Mach 5 or higher and have the capability to evade most existing air defense systems due to their speed and maneuverability.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Scramjet engines do not require moving parts to handle airflow at hypersonic speeds. They are specifically designed as air-breathing engines that compress air through high-speed flow.
Statement 3 is incorrect: BrahMos is not a hypersonic missile but a supersonic cruise missile. However, India and Russia are working on a hypersonic version of BrahMos known as BrahMos-II, which is still under development.
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
2 points
With reference to the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) scheme, consider the following statements:
The BBBP scheme was launched in 2015 as a tri-ministerial initiative involving the Ministries of Women and Child Development, Health & Family Welfare, and Human Resource Development.
Since 2021-22, the BBBP scheme has been subsumed under the Mission Shakti program.
The scheme includes direct cash incentives to individual beneficiaries to promote girl child education and empowerment.
The scheme aims to improve the Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB) by 2 points annually.
How many of the above given statements are incorrect?
Correct
Ans: A
Exp:
On January 22, 2025, Prime Minister marked the 10th anniversary of the Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (BBBP) movement, celebrating it as a transformative, people-driven initiative that has made significant strides in addressing gender biases and empowering girl children in India.
About BBBP:
The BBBP scheme was launched on 22nd January 2015 at Panipat, Haryana, as a tri-ministerial initiative involving the Ministries of Women and Child Development, Health & Family Welfare, and Human Resource Development. Hence Statement 1 is correct.
Since 2021-22, the BBBP scheme has been subsumed into the Mission Shakti-Sambal sub-scheme to streamline its implementation.Hence Statement 2 is correct.
Objectives:
To prevent gender biased sex selective elimination
To ensure survival and protection of the girl child
To ensure education and participation of the girl child
To increase girl’s participation in the fields of sports
BBBP scheme aims to achieve the following targets:
Improvement in the Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB) by 2 points every year, Hence Statement 4 is correct.
Improvement in the percentage of institutional deliveries or sustained at the rate of 95% or above,
1% increase in 1st Trimester ANC Registration per year, and
1% increase in enrolment at secondary education level and skilling of girls/women per year.
To check dropout rate among girls at secondary and higher secondary levels.
Raising awareness about safe menstrual hygiene management (MHM)
The BBBP scheme does not include direct cash incentives to individuals. It focuses on advocacy, awareness, and systemic reforms to challenge deep-rooted societal patriarchy. Hence Statement 3 is incorrect.
Incorrect
Ans: A
Exp:
On January 22, 2025, Prime Minister marked the 10th anniversary of the Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (BBBP) movement, celebrating it as a transformative, people-driven initiative that has made significant strides in addressing gender biases and empowering girl children in India.
About BBBP:
The BBBP scheme was launched on 22nd January 2015 at Panipat, Haryana, as a tri-ministerial initiative involving the Ministries of Women and Child Development, Health & Family Welfare, and Human Resource Development. Hence Statement 1 is correct.
Since 2021-22, the BBBP scheme has been subsumed into the Mission Shakti-Sambal sub-scheme to streamline its implementation.Hence Statement 2 is correct.
Objectives:
To prevent gender biased sex selective elimination
To ensure survival and protection of the girl child
To ensure education and participation of the girl child
To increase girl’s participation in the fields of sports
BBBP scheme aims to achieve the following targets:
Improvement in the Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB) by 2 points every year, Hence Statement 4 is correct.
Improvement in the percentage of institutional deliveries or sustained at the rate of 95% or above,
1% increase in 1st Trimester ANC Registration per year, and
1% increase in enrolment at secondary education level and skilling of girls/women per year.
To check dropout rate among girls at secondary and higher secondary levels.
Raising awareness about safe menstrual hygiene management (MHM)
The BBBP scheme does not include direct cash incentives to individuals. It focuses on advocacy, awareness, and systemic reforms to challenge deep-rooted societal patriarchy. Hence Statement 3 is incorrect.
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
2 points
With reference to The Arctic Boreal Zone, consider the following statements:
The Arctic Boreal Zone encompasses treeless tundra, boreal forests, and wetlands spanning over 26 million square kilometers.
Permafrost in the Arctic region remains frozen year-round and prevents the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
Warming temperatures and increased wildfire activity are the primary factors driving the transformation of parts of the Arctic Boreal Zone into a carbon source.
During the non-growing season, emissions of carbon dioxide in the Arctic Boreal Zone are less than the carbon absorbed during summer months.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: B
Exp:
The Arctic Boreal Zone a region encompassing 26 million square kilometers of tundra, boreal forests, and wetlands is undergoing a significant transformation. Hence, Statement 1 is correct.
A new study published inNature Climate Changerevealed that 40 per cent of this region has become a carbon source, releasing more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than it absorbs, marking a shift from its role as a carbon sink for millennia.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Permafrost stores large amounts of carbon in its frozen state, but when it thaws due to rising temperatures, it releases greenhouse gases like CO2 and methane into the atmosphere.
Statement 3 is correct:Longer growing seasons, warming temperatures, increased microbial activity, and intensified wildfires are the main factors transforming parts of the Arctic Boreal Zone into a carbon source.
Statement 4 is incorrect:Emissions from the non-growing season (autumn, winter, and spring) outweigh the carbon dioxide absorbed during the summer months, contributing to the region’s net carbon source status.
Incorrect
Ans: B
Exp:
The Arctic Boreal Zone a region encompassing 26 million square kilometers of tundra, boreal forests, and wetlands is undergoing a significant transformation. Hence, Statement 1 is correct.
A new study published inNature Climate Changerevealed that 40 per cent of this region has become a carbon source, releasing more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than it absorbs, marking a shift from its role as a carbon sink for millennia.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Permafrost stores large amounts of carbon in its frozen state, but when it thaws due to rising temperatures, it releases greenhouse gases like CO2 and methane into the atmosphere.
Statement 3 is correct:Longer growing seasons, warming temperatures, increased microbial activity, and intensified wildfires are the main factors transforming parts of the Arctic Boreal Zone into a carbon source.
Statement 4 is incorrect:Emissions from the non-growing season (autumn, winter, and spring) outweigh the carbon dioxide absorbed during the summer months, contributing to the region’s net carbon source status.
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
2 points
With reference to the cultivation and origin of jute, consider the following statements:
Jute is classified as a natural vegetable fibre and falls under the category of bast fibres like flax, hemp, and ramie.
Tossa jute and White jute, the two primary commercial species, belong to the genus Hibiscus.
The ideal climate for jute cultivation includes relative humidity between 40-90% and annual rainfall exceeding 1200 mm.
India is the largest producer of jute in the world.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: A
Exp:
Statement 1 is correct: Jute is a natural vegetable fibre categorized as a bast fibre, similar to flax, hemp, kenaf, and ramie.
Statement 2 is incorrect: The two primary commercial species of jute—Tossa jute and White jute—belong to the genus Corchorus, not Hibiscus.
Mesta, another bast fibre, belongs to the genus Hibiscus.
Statement 3 is correct: Jute requires relative humidity between 40-90%, a temperature range of 17°C to 41°C, and well-distributed rainfall of over 1200 mm annually for optimal cultivation.
Statement 4 is correct:India is the largest producer of jute in the world. West Bengal, Assam, and Bihar are the major jute-growing States in the country, and raw jute farming and trade make up the livelihood of about 14 million people.
Incorrect
Ans: A
Exp:
Statement 1 is correct: Jute is a natural vegetable fibre categorized as a bast fibre, similar to flax, hemp, kenaf, and ramie.
Statement 2 is incorrect: The two primary commercial species of jute—Tossa jute and White jute—belong to the genus Corchorus, not Hibiscus.
Mesta, another bast fibre, belongs to the genus Hibiscus.
Statement 3 is correct: Jute requires relative humidity between 40-90%, a temperature range of 17°C to 41°C, and well-distributed rainfall of over 1200 mm annually for optimal cultivation.
Statement 4 is correct:India is the largest producer of jute in the world. West Bengal, Assam, and Bihar are the major jute-growing States in the country, and raw jute farming and trade make up the livelihood of about 14 million people.
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format Integration of PYQ within the booklet Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध
Quick Revise Now ! UDAAN PRELIMS WALLAH
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format Integration of PYQ within the booklet Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध
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January 23, 2025