Ans: A

Exp:

Israel recently used the Rampage, an efficient air-to-surface missile, in an attack on an Iranian military base.

Statement 1 is incorrect: It is a long-range, supersonic, air-to-ground, seekerless, precision strike missile. 

• It has been developed for use in missions aimed at destroying high-quality, well-protected targets, such as communication and command centres, air force bases, maintenance centres, and infrastructure. 

Statement 2 is incorrect: The missile has a range of about 190 miles (306 kilometres), allowing it to strike distant targets effectively.

Statement 3 is correct: The Rampage missile is developed by Israel Aerospace Industries and Israeli Military Industries Systems.

• It has been developed for use in missions aimed at destroying high-quality, well-protected targets, such as communication and command centres, air force bases, maintenance centres, and infrastructure.

Ans: B

Exp:

Recently, Mount Erebus, an active volcano in Antarctica, is spewing gold dust worth $6000 every single day.

Statement 1 is incorrect: Mount Erebus  is situated on Ross Island, Antarctica. It was discovered in 1841 by the British explorer Sir James Clark Ross, who named it after his ship, the Erebus.

• It stands at an elevation of about 3,794 meters (12,448 feet).
• It’s a stratovolcano, characterized by a conical shape and layers of hardened lava, tephra, and volcanic ash.

Statement 2 is correct: Mount Erebus is raining gold on Earth. The gold is being ejected in pockets of gas by the volcano and it is in the form of crystallised gold. 

• Gold is being formed and ejected in Mount Erebus, an Antarctic volcano, through a geological process involving the release of gases from deep within the Earth. 

These gases contain tiny particles of gold, which crystallize as they rise to the surface.

Ans: A

Exp:

Recently, NASA has confirmed the Dragonfly rotorcraft mission to Saturn’s moon, Titan.

Statement 1 is incorrect: NASA has confirmed its Dragonfly rotorcraft mission to Saturn’s organic-rich moon Titan.

•  The decision allows the mission to progress to completion of final design, followed by the construction and testing of the entire spacecraft and science instruments. 
• Pioneer 11 is NASA’s first spacecraft to reach Saturn. 

Statement 2 is correct: Dragonfly is a dual quadcopter, resembling a car-sized rotorcraft that can cover tens of kilometres on Titan in under an hour. 

• Due to Titan’s hazy atmosphere, Dragonfly will use a radioisotope power system, similar to the Curiosity rover on Mars.

Statement 3 is incorrect:Dragonfly will be the first time NASA will fly a multirotor vehicle for science on other planets.

•  The craft will land first at the equatorial “Shangri-La ” dune,on Saturn  exploring the region in short trips before building up to longer “leapfrog” flights of 8 kilometres.

Ans: D

Exp:

REC Limited to extend term loan of ₹ 1, 869 crores for Kiru Hydro Electric Project in Kishtwar, J&K

Statement 1 is incorrect: Kiru hydroelectric power project is a run-of-the-river scheme being developed over the Chenab River in the Kishtwar Tehsil of Doha district in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), India. The project will be constructed between Kirthai II (upstream) and Kwar (downstream) hydroelectric plants.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Kiru hydroelectric power project is a run-of-the-river scheme being developed over the Chenab River in the Kishtwar Tehsil of Doha district in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), India.

• Run-of-river hydropower: a facility that channels flowing water from a river through a canal or penstock to spin a turbine. Typically a run-of-river project will have little or no storage facility.
• Pumped storage hydropower: provides peak-load supply, harnessing water which is cycled between a lower and upper reservoir by pumps which use surplus energy from the system at times of low demand. 

Ans: b

Exp:

Recently, the Supreme Court (SC) began hearing an unrelated case about whether the government can acquire and redistribute privately owned properties if they are deemed as “material resources of the community

Statement 1 is incorrect: Article 39(b) places an obligation on the state to create policy towards securing “the ownership and control of the material resources of the community are so distributed as best to subserve the common good.

• The apex court in the  State of Karnataka v Shri Ranganatha Reddy (1977) holded  that privately owned resources did not fall within the ambit of “material resources of the community”. 

Statement 2 is correct: The right to property, now a legal right that can be altered through regular

parliamentary laws, without requiring a constitutional amendment under article 368. 

It safeguards private property from executive actions but not legislative actions.

•  If violated, an individual can’t directly approach the Supreme Court under Article 32 but can seek redress through the High Court under Article 226. 
• There’s no guaranteed right to compensation for private property acquisition or requisition by the state.