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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements regarding the pyrocumulonimbus clouds:
They occur during volcanic eruptions and extremely hot wildfires.
They can reach heights of up to 50,000 feet and generate their own thunderstorms.
These clouds generate significant amounts of rain, which helps to extinguish wildfires.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Ans: A
Exp:
The wildfires currently raging in the United States and Canada are so intense that they have created ‘pyrocumulonimbus’ clouds, which have the potential to spit out thunder and spark more fires.
About Pyrocumulonimbus Clouds:
Statement 1 is correct: Pyrocumulonimbus clouds form when intense heat from a wildfire or volcanic eruption causes air to rise rapidly. As the air ascends, it carries water vapour, smoke, and ash.
The water vapour cools and condenses around the ash particles, forming a cloud.
If the upward movement is strong enough and there is sufficient water vapour, the cloud can develop into a pyrocumulonimbus cloud.
Characteristics:
Statement 2 is correct: These clouds are known for their towering heights, sometimes reaching up to 50,000 feet. They can generate their own weather systems, including thunderstorms, due to the intense convection currents created by the heat.
Despite their ability to produce thunderstorms, they usually do not generate significant rainfall.
Impact on Wildfires:
Statement 3 is incorrect: Pyrocumulonimbus clouds can exacerbate wildfire situations. The lightning they produce can ignite new fires far from the original blaze.
Additionally, the strong winds associated with these clouds can spread existing fires more rapidly and unpredictably.
Incorrect
Ans: A
Exp:
The wildfires currently raging in the United States and Canada are so intense that they have created ‘pyrocumulonimbus’ clouds, which have the potential to spit out thunder and spark more fires.
About Pyrocumulonimbus Clouds:
Statement 1 is correct: Pyrocumulonimbus clouds form when intense heat from a wildfire or volcanic eruption causes air to rise rapidly. As the air ascends, it carries water vapour, smoke, and ash.
The water vapour cools and condenses around the ash particles, forming a cloud.
If the upward movement is strong enough and there is sufficient water vapour, the cloud can develop into a pyrocumulonimbus cloud.
Characteristics:
Statement 2 is correct: These clouds are known for their towering heights, sometimes reaching up to 50,000 feet. They can generate their own weather systems, including thunderstorms, due to the intense convection currents created by the heat.
Despite their ability to produce thunderstorms, they usually do not generate significant rainfall.
Impact on Wildfires:
Statement 3 is incorrect: Pyrocumulonimbus clouds can exacerbate wildfire situations. The lightning they produce can ignite new fires far from the original blaze.
Additionally, the strong winds associated with these clouds can spread existing fires more rapidly and unpredictably.
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
2 points
With reference to the Tropospheric Ozone, consider the following statements:
It forms a protective layer that shields us from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays.
Ozone is a secondary pollutant because it is produced by reaction of two primary pollutants.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: B
Exp:
A new study by Delhi-based think tank Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) has revealed a disturbing trend: Ground-level ozone pollution is on the rise across India’s major cities
About Ozone:
Ozone is a gas composed of three atoms of oxygen. Ozone occurs both in the Earth’s upper atmosphere and at ground level.
Ozone can be good or bad, depending on where it is found.
Statement 1 is incorrect: Ozone in the stratosphere protects life on Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation and is therefore often called ‘good’ ozone. This is in contrast to ozone in the troposphere, the lowest layer of the atmosphere, where it is an air pollutant and can be harmful to humans, animals and vegetation.
Tropospheric ozone is a harmful air pollutant that can cause respiratory problems, damage crops, and aggravate lung conditions.
Statement 2 is correct: Ozone is called a “secondary” pollutant because it is not emitted directly into the air, but is created by chemical reactions between two primary pollutants i.e oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC).
This happens when pollutants emitted by cars, power plants, industrial boilers, refineries, chemical plants, and other sources chemically react in the presence of sunlight.
Incorrect
Ans: B
Exp:
A new study by Delhi-based think tank Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) has revealed a disturbing trend: Ground-level ozone pollution is on the rise across India’s major cities
About Ozone:
Ozone is a gas composed of three atoms of oxygen. Ozone occurs both in the Earth’s upper atmosphere and at ground level.
Ozone can be good or bad, depending on where it is found.
Statement 1 is incorrect: Ozone in the stratosphere protects life on Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation and is therefore often called ‘good’ ozone. This is in contrast to ozone in the troposphere, the lowest layer of the atmosphere, where it is an air pollutant and can be harmful to humans, animals and vegetation.
Tropospheric ozone is a harmful air pollutant that can cause respiratory problems, damage crops, and aggravate lung conditions.
Statement 2 is correct: Ozone is called a “secondary” pollutant because it is not emitted directly into the air, but is created by chemical reactions between two primary pollutants i.e oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC).
This happens when pollutants emitted by cars, power plants, industrial boilers, refineries, chemical plants, and other sources chemically react in the presence of sunlight.
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements regarding methanotrophs:
Methanotrophs are a type of bacteria which oxidise methane and reduce its concentration in the atmosphere.
They produce biomass after consuming methane.
They are not found naturally in the environment.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Ans: A
Exp:
India’s first cultures of indigenous natural methane mitigating agents, methanotrophs reported from rice fields and wetlands, mainly from Western India can help tackle upcoming climate challenges.
About methanotrophs:
Statement 1 is correct: Methanotrophs are a type of bacteria that oxidise methane as their source of carbon and energy.
They play a crucial role in mitigating methane emissions, which is a potent greenhouse gas.
Methane has a global warming potential 26 times greater than carbon dioxide.
By oxidizing methane, methanotrophs help in reducing its concentration in the atmosphere and thereby mitigate its impact on global warming.
Biomass generation:
Statement 2 is correct: As the bacteria consume methane, they generate biomass that can be utilised as feed in Aquaculture.
For every tonne of methane consumed, the bacteria can produce 0.78 tonnes of biomass with a dry weight.
Statement 3 is incorrect: Methanotrophs are naturally present in various environments where methane and oxygen are both available, such as wetlands, rice fields, ponds, and other water bodies.
They grow best when the methane concentration is around 5,000-10,000 parts per million (ppm).
Incorrect
Ans: A
Exp:
India’s first cultures of indigenous natural methane mitigating agents, methanotrophs reported from rice fields and wetlands, mainly from Western India can help tackle upcoming climate challenges.
About methanotrophs:
Statement 1 is correct: Methanotrophs are a type of bacteria that oxidise methane as their source of carbon and energy.
They play a crucial role in mitigating methane emissions, which is a potent greenhouse gas.
Methane has a global warming potential 26 times greater than carbon dioxide.
By oxidizing methane, methanotrophs help in reducing its concentration in the atmosphere and thereby mitigate its impact on global warming.
Biomass generation:
Statement 2 is correct: As the bacteria consume methane, they generate biomass that can be utilised as feed in Aquaculture.
For every tonne of methane consumed, the bacteria can produce 0.78 tonnes of biomass with a dry weight.
Statement 3 is incorrect: Methanotrophs are naturally present in various environments where methane and oxygen are both available, such as wetlands, rice fields, ponds, and other water bodies.
They grow best when the methane concentration is around 5,000-10,000 parts per million (ppm).
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements:
Corbett Tiger Reserve was the first Tiger Reserve in India.
Guru Ghasidas National Park is located in the state of Gujarat.
Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve is the country’s largest tiger reserve.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Ans: C
Exp:
With its tiger population plunging in recent years, Chhattisgarh cleared a long-pending proposal to notify a new tiger reserve – the third largest in the country.
Statement 1 is correct: Jim Corbett Tiger Reserve, located in Uttarakhand, was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park, and it was the first national park in India. It later became the first tiger reserve under the Project Tiger initiative launched in 1973.
Statement 2 is incorrect: The Guru Ghasidas National Park is the Tiger Reserve of India located in the state of Chhattisgarh in central India on the border with Madhya Pradesh.
Statement 3 is correct: Andhra Pradesh’s Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve is the country’s largest tiger reserve, covering 3,296.31 sq km. Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam is the second largest with an area of 2,837.1 sq km.
Incorrect
Ans: C
Exp:
With its tiger population plunging in recent years, Chhattisgarh cleared a long-pending proposal to notify a new tiger reserve – the third largest in the country.
Statement 1 is correct: Jim Corbett Tiger Reserve, located in Uttarakhand, was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park, and it was the first national park in India. It later became the first tiger reserve under the Project Tiger initiative launched in 1973.
Statement 2 is incorrect: The Guru Ghasidas National Park is the Tiger Reserve of India located in the state of Chhattisgarh in central India on the border with Madhya Pradesh.
Statement 3 is correct: Andhra Pradesh’s Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve is the country’s largest tiger reserve, covering 3,296.31 sq km. Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam is the second largest with an area of 2,837.1 sq km.
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
2 points
Which of the following statements about Mpox (Monkeypox) are correct?
It is a viral zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus.
It is not transmitted from animal to human.
Monkeypox can be treated effectively with antibiotics.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Ans: A
Exp:
The World Health Organisation on Wednesday called for an emergency meeting to discuss whether the monkeypox spread “represents a public health emergency of international concern”.
About Mpox (monkeypox):
Statement 1 is correct: Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus.
First human case recorded in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
Two known types (clades) of monkeypox virus:
Clade I: Originated in Central Africa.
Clade II: Originated in West Africa.
Symptoms:
Common symptoms include:
Skin rash or mucosal lesions lasting 2–4 weeks.
Fever, headache, muscle aches, back pain.
Low energy and swollen lymph nodes.
Transmission:
Human-to-human transmission occurs via:
Direct contact with body fluids or lesions.
Prolonged face-to-face contact, including sexual contact.
Indirect contact with contaminated clothing or bedding.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Animal-to-person transmission occurs through broken skin, like from bites or scratches, or through direct contact with an infected animal’s blood, bodily fluids or pox lesions (sores).
Treatment:
Statement 3 is incorrect: No specific treatments for monkeypox virus infection.
Early and supportive care is crucial to manage symptoms and prevent complications.
Incorrect
Ans: A
Exp:
The World Health Organisation on Wednesday called for an emergency meeting to discuss whether the monkeypox spread “represents a public health emergency of international concern”.
About Mpox (monkeypox):
Statement 1 is correct: Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus.
First human case recorded in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
Two known types (clades) of monkeypox virus:
Clade I: Originated in Central Africa.
Clade II: Originated in West Africa.
Symptoms:
Common symptoms include:
Skin rash or mucosal lesions lasting 2–4 weeks.
Fever, headache, muscle aches, back pain.
Low energy and swollen lymph nodes.
Transmission:
Human-to-human transmission occurs via:
Direct contact with body fluids or lesions.
Prolonged face-to-face contact, including sexual contact.
Indirect contact with contaminated clothing or bedding.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Animal-to-person transmission occurs through broken skin, like from bites or scratches, or through direct contact with an infected animal’s blood, bodily fluids or pox lesions (sores).
Treatment:
Statement 3 is incorrect: No specific treatments for monkeypox virus infection.
Early and supportive care is crucial to manage symptoms and prevent complications.
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format Integration of PYQ within the booklet Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध
Quick Revise Now ! UDAAN PRELIMS WALLAH
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format Integration of PYQ within the booklet Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध
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