Ans: B

Exp:

• Statement 1 is incorrect: Right to freedom of speech and expression guaranteed under Article-19 is only applicable to Citizens of India and not for foreigners.
• Statement 2 is correct: Right to Property is a legal right under Article-300A applicable to both Citizens of India and foreigners.
• Statement 3 is incorrect: Equality of opportunity in the matters of public employment under Article 16 is only applicable to Citizens of India and not to foreigners.
• Statement 4 is correct: Right to freedom of religion under Article 25-28 is applicable to both Citizens of India and foreigners.

Ans: C

Exp: 

• Statement 1 is incorrect: FEATURES OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS-
  Their application to the members of Armed forces, Paramilitary forces, Police forces, Intelligence agencies and Analogous services can be restricted or abrogated by the Parliament (Article 33).
• Statement 2 is incorrect: Most of them are directly enforceable (self-executory) while a few of them can be enforced on the basis of a law made for giving effect to them. Such a law can be made only by the Parliament and not by state legislatures so that uniformity throughout the country is maintained (Article 35).
• Statement 3 is incorrect: Some of the Fundamental Rights are Negative in character, that is, place limitations on the authority of the State, while others are Positive in nature, conferring certain privileges on the persons. They are justiciable, allowing persons to move the courts for their enforcement, if and when they are violated. 

Ans: A

Exp:

• Statement 1 is correct: Fundamental Rights are not absolute but qualified. The state can impose reasonable restrictions on them. However, whether such restrictions are reasonable or not is to be decided by the courts. Thus, they strike a balance between the rights of the individual and those of the society as a whole, between individual liberty and social control.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: All of the Fundamental Rights are available against the arbitrary action of the state. However, some of them are also available against the actions of private individuals. For example, “A fundamental right under Article 17/23/24 etc. can be enforced even against persons other than the State or its instrumentalities”.

Ans: A

Exp:

• Statement 1 is correct: Article 21 A declares that the State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such a manner as the State may determine. Thus, this provision makes only elementary education a Fundamental Right and not higher or professional education.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: This provision was added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2002. This Amendment is a major milestone in the country’s aim to achieve ‘Education for All’. The government described this step as ‘the dawn of the second revolution in the chapter of citizens’ rights’.
• Statement 3 is incorrect: Even before this amendment, the Constitution contained a provision for free and compulsory education for children under Article 45 in Part IV. However, being a Directive Principle, it was not enforceable by the Courts. Now, there is scope for judicial intervention in this regard.

Ans: A

Exp:

• Though the general rule laid down in Indian Constitution provides that all the Citizens of India are equal and they cannot be discriminated against on the basis of Race, Caste, Sex or Place of birth, some of the exceptions are also provided as to that general rule which speak of Protective Discrimination (Article 15 and 16). The Policy of Protective discrimination is a way to ensure social justice in society. The scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, other backward classes, and women are the most exploited and discriminated groups in Indian society, and the Constitution hence aims at making their lives better by providing them with some special privileges. 
• Articles 15 and 16 which are part of the Right to Equality deal with reservations for  economically and socially backward classes.