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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
2 points
Consider the following features:
It acknowledged the Company’s Political and Administrative roles for the first time.
The Governor General of Bengal was designated as Governor General of India.
Lord Warren Hastings was the first Governor General of Bengal.
The Supreme Court in Bombay was established.
It prohibited the servants of the Company from engaging in any private trade.
How many of the above statements are principal features of the Regulating Act, of 1773 ?
Correct
Ans: B
Exp: Regulating Act of 1773 is of great Constitutional importance as-
It was the first step taken by the British Government to control and regulate the affairs of the East India Company in India.
Statement 1 is correct: It recognised, for the first time, the Political and Administrative functions of the Company; and
It laid the foundations of Central Administration in India.
Features of the Act-
Statement 2 is incorrect:It designated the Governor of Bengal as the ‘Governor-General of Bengal’ and created an Executive Council of four members to assist him.
Statement 3 is correct:The first such Governor-General was Lord Warren Hastings.
It made the Governors of Bombay and Madras presidencies subordinate to the Governor-General of Bengal, unlike earlier, when the three presidencies were independent of one another.
Statement 4 is incorrect:It provided for the establishment of a Supreme Court at Calcutta (1774) comprising one Chief Justice and three other judges.
Statement 5 is correct: It prohibited the servants of the Company from engaging in any private trade or accepting presents or bribes from the ‘natives’.
It strengthened the control of the British Government over the Company by requiring the Court of Directors (governing body of the Company) to report on its Revenue, Civil, and Military affairs in India.
Incorrect
Ans: B
Exp: Regulating Act of 1773 is of great Constitutional importance as-
It was the first step taken by the British Government to control and regulate the affairs of the East India Company in India.
Statement 1 is correct: It recognised, for the first time, the Political and Administrative functions of the Company; and
It laid the foundations of Central Administration in India.
Features of the Act-
Statement 2 is incorrect:It designated the Governor of Bengal as the ‘Governor-General of Bengal’ and created an Executive Council of four members to assist him.
Statement 3 is correct:The first such Governor-General was Lord Warren Hastings.
It made the Governors of Bombay and Madras presidencies subordinate to the Governor-General of Bengal, unlike earlier, when the three presidencies were independent of one another.
Statement 4 is incorrect:It provided for the establishment of a Supreme Court at Calcutta (1774) comprising one Chief Justice and three other judges.
Statement 5 is correct: It prohibited the servants of the Company from engaging in any private trade or accepting presents or bribes from the ‘natives’.
It strengthened the control of the British Government over the Company by requiring the Court of Directors (governing body of the Company) to report on its Revenue, Civil, and Military affairs in India.
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements with respect to the Constituent Assembly :
The idea of a Constituent Assembly for the first time was put forward by Jawaharlal Nehru.
The demand for a Constituent Assembly was accepted in the August Offer.
The Cabinet Mission accepted the idea of two Constituent Assembly.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: A
Exp:
Statement 1 is incorrect: In 1934, M N Roy proposed the idea of a Constituent Assembly. In 1935,the Indian National Congress (INC), for the first time, officially demanded a Constituent Assembly to frame the Constitution of India. In 1938, Jawaharlal Nehru, on behalf of the INC declared that the Constitution of free India must be framed, without outside interference, by a Constituent Assembly elected on the basis of Adult Franchise’.
Statement 2 is correct:The demand for a Constituent Assembly was finally accepted in principle by the British Government in what is known as the ‘August Offer’ of 1940. In 1942,Sir Stafford Cripps, a member of the cabinet, came to India with a draft proposal of the British Government on the framing of an independent Constitution to be adopted after World War II. The Cripps Proposals were rejected by the Muslim League which wanted India to be divided into two autonomous states with two separate Constituent Assemblies.
Statement 3 is incorrect: A Cabinet Mission was sent to India which rejected the idea of two Constituent Assemblies, it put forth a scheme for the Constituent Assembly which more or less satisfied the Muslim League.
Incorrect
Ans: A
Exp:
Statement 1 is incorrect: In 1934, M N Roy proposed the idea of a Constituent Assembly. In 1935,the Indian National Congress (INC), for the first time, officially demanded a Constituent Assembly to frame the Constitution of India. In 1938, Jawaharlal Nehru, on behalf of the INC declared that the Constitution of free India must be framed, without outside interference, by a Constituent Assembly elected on the basis of Adult Franchise’.
Statement 2 is correct:The demand for a Constituent Assembly was finally accepted in principle by the British Government in what is known as the ‘August Offer’ of 1940. In 1942,Sir Stafford Cripps, a member of the cabinet, came to India with a draft proposal of the British Government on the framing of an independent Constitution to be adopted after World War II. The Cripps Proposals were rejected by the Muslim League which wanted India to be divided into two autonomous states with two separate Constituent Assemblies.
Statement 3 is incorrect: A Cabinet Mission was sent to India which rejected the idea of two Constituent Assemblies, it put forth a scheme for the Constituent Assembly which more or less satisfied the Muslim League.
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements regarding the Indian Councils Act of 1861:
Indian participation in law-making was recognized for the first time.
Bombay and Madras presidencies were made subordinate to Bengal.
Portfolio system was introduced for the first time.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: A
Exp:
The Indian Councils Act of 1861 is an important landmark in the Constitutional and Political history of India.
Features of the Act of 1861:
It made a beginning of representative institutions by associating Indians with the law-making process. It provided that the Viceroy should nominate some Indians as non-official members of his expanded Council. In 1862, Lord Canning, the then Viceroy, nominated three Indians to his legislative council: the Raja of Benaras, the Maharaja of Patiala and Sir Dinkar Rao. Hence, Statement 1 is correct:
It initiated the process of decentralisation by restoring the Legislative powers to the Bombay and Madras Presidencies. It reversed the centralising tendency that started from the Regulating Act of 1773 and reached its climax under the Charter Act of 1833. This policy of legislative devolution resulted in the grant of almost complete internal autonomy to the provinces in 1937. Hence, Statement 2 is incorrect
It also provided for the establishment of new legislative councils for Bengal, North- Western Frontier Province (NWFP) and Punjab, which were established in 1862, 1866 and 1897 respectively.
It empowered the Viceroy to make rules and orders for the more convenient transaction of business in the council. It also gave recognition to the ‘Portfolio’ system, introduced by Lord Canning in 1859. Under this, a member of the Viceroy’s council was made in-charge of one or more departments of the government and was authorised to issue final orders on behalf of the council on matters of his departments. Hence,Statement 3 is incorrect:
It empowered the Viceroy to issue Ordinances, without the concurrence of the legislative council, during an emergency. The life of such an ordinance was six months.
Incorrect
Ans: A
Exp:
The Indian Councils Act of 1861 is an important landmark in the Constitutional and Political history of India.
Features of the Act of 1861:
It made a beginning of representative institutions by associating Indians with the law-making process. It provided that the Viceroy should nominate some Indians as non-official members of his expanded Council. In 1862, Lord Canning, the then Viceroy, nominated three Indians to his legislative council: the Raja of Benaras, the Maharaja of Patiala and Sir Dinkar Rao. Hence, Statement 1 is correct:
It initiated the process of decentralisation by restoring the Legislative powers to the Bombay and Madras Presidencies. It reversed the centralising tendency that started from the Regulating Act of 1773 and reached its climax under the Charter Act of 1833. This policy of legislative devolution resulted in the grant of almost complete internal autonomy to the provinces in 1937. Hence, Statement 2 is incorrect
It also provided for the establishment of new legislative councils for Bengal, North- Western Frontier Province (NWFP) and Punjab, which were established in 1862, 1866 and 1897 respectively.
It empowered the Viceroy to make rules and orders for the more convenient transaction of business in the council. It also gave recognition to the ‘Portfolio’ system, introduced by Lord Canning in 1859. Under this, a member of the Viceroy’s council was made in-charge of one or more departments of the government and was authorised to issue final orders on behalf of the council on matters of his departments. Hence,Statement 3 is incorrect:
It empowered the Viceroy to issue Ordinances, without the concurrence of the legislative council, during an emergency. The life of such an ordinance was six months.
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements with respect to the Indian Councils Act, 1892:
The Act raised the number of non-official members only in the Central Legislative Council.
The Members of the Council were given the Right to vote on the Budget.
This Act introduced the system of Dyarchy for the first time in India.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Ans: D
Exp:
The Indian Council Act 1892 – Key Provisions:
Statement 1 is incorrect: It raised the number of (non-official) members in the Central and Provincial Legislative Councils while keeping the official majority.
The Act made it clear that the members appointed to the Council were not there as representatives of any Indian body, but as nominees of the Governor-General.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Members could now debate the Budget without having the ability to Vote on it. They were also barred from asking follow-up questions.
The elected members were permitted to discuss official and internal matters.
The Governor-General in Council was given the authority to set rules for member nomination, subject to the approval of the Secretary of State for India.
To elect members of the councils, an indirect election system was implemented.
Statement 3 is incorrect:The dual scheme of governance ‘Dyarchy’ was introduced for the first time by the Government of India Act of 1919 and not by the Indian Councils Act of 1892.
Incorrect
Ans: D
Exp:
The Indian Council Act 1892 – Key Provisions:
Statement 1 is incorrect: It raised the number of (non-official) members in the Central and Provincial Legislative Councils while keeping the official majority.
The Act made it clear that the members appointed to the Council were not there as representatives of any Indian body, but as nominees of the Governor-General.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Members could now debate the Budget without having the ability to Vote on it. They were also barred from asking follow-up questions.
The elected members were permitted to discuss official and internal matters.
The Governor-General in Council was given the authority to set rules for member nomination, subject to the approval of the Secretary of State for India.
To elect members of the councils, an indirect election system was implemented.
Statement 3 is incorrect:The dual scheme of governance ‘Dyarchy’ was introduced for the first time by the Government of India Act of 1919 and not by the Indian Councils Act of 1892.
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements with respect to the composition of the Constituent Assembly in pre-independent India:
Seats allocated to each British province were divided among Muslims, Hindus and General.
The Constituent Assembly was directly elected by the people of India on the basis of adult franchise.
Mahatma Gandhi was not part of the Constituent Assembly.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are incorrect?
Correct
Ans: B
Exp:
The Constituent Assembly was constituted in November 1946 under the scheme formulated by the Cabinet Mission Plan. The features of the scheme were:
The total strength of the Constituent Assembly was to be 389. Of these, 296 seats were to be allotted to British India and 93 seats to the Princely States. Out of 296 seats allotted to British India, 292 members were to be drawn from the eleven Governors’ provinces and four from the four Chief Commissioners’ provinces one from each.
Each Province and Princely State (or group of states in case of small states) were to be allotted seats in proportion to their respective population. Roughly, one seat was to be allotted for every million people.
Statement 1 is incorrect: Seats allocated to each British province were to be divided among the three principal communities Muslims, Sikhs and General (all except Muslims and Sikhs), in proportion to their population.
The representatives of each community were to be elected by members of that community in the Provincial Legislative Assembly and voting was to be done by the method of proportional representation by means of Single Transferable Vote.
The representatives of Princely states were to be nominated by the heads of the Princely States.
Statement 2 is incorrect:Constituent Assembly was to be a partly elected and partly nominated body. Moreover, the members were to be indirectly elected by the members of the Provincial Assemblies, who themselves were elected on a limited franchise. Although the Constituent Assembly was not directly elected by the people of India on the basis of adult franchise, the Assembly comprised representatives of all sections of Indian Society Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Parsis, Anglo- Indians, Indian Christians, SCs, STs including women of all these sections.
Statement 3 is correct:The Constituent Assembly included all important personalities of India at that time, with the exception of Mahatma Gandhi.
Incorrect
Ans: B
Exp:
The Constituent Assembly was constituted in November 1946 under the scheme formulated by the Cabinet Mission Plan. The features of the scheme were:
The total strength of the Constituent Assembly was to be 389. Of these, 296 seats were to be allotted to British India and 93 seats to the Princely States. Out of 296 seats allotted to British India, 292 members were to be drawn from the eleven Governors’ provinces and four from the four Chief Commissioners’ provinces one from each.
Each Province and Princely State (or group of states in case of small states) were to be allotted seats in proportion to their respective population. Roughly, one seat was to be allotted for every million people.
Statement 1 is incorrect: Seats allocated to each British province were to be divided among the three principal communities Muslims, Sikhs and General (all except Muslims and Sikhs), in proportion to their population.
The representatives of each community were to be elected by members of that community in the Provincial Legislative Assembly and voting was to be done by the method of proportional representation by means of Single Transferable Vote.
The representatives of Princely states were to be nominated by the heads of the Princely States.
Statement 2 is incorrect:Constituent Assembly was to be a partly elected and partly nominated body. Moreover, the members were to be indirectly elected by the members of the Provincial Assemblies, who themselves were elected on a limited franchise. Although the Constituent Assembly was not directly elected by the people of India on the basis of adult franchise, the Assembly comprised representatives of all sections of Indian Society Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Parsis, Anglo- Indians, Indian Christians, SCs, STs including women of all these sections.
Statement 3 is correct:The Constituent Assembly included all important personalities of India at that time, with the exception of Mahatma Gandhi.
Comprehensive coverage with a concise format Integration of PYQ within the booklet Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध
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Comprehensive coverage with a concise format Integration of PYQ within the booklet Designed as per recent trends of Prelims questions हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध
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