Ans: D

Exp: 

Statement 1 is incorrect: Each state having scheduled areas has to establish a Tribes advisory council to advise on welfare and advancement of the scheduled tribes. It is to consist of 20 members, three-fourths of whom are to be the representatives of the scheduled tribes in the state legislative

assembly.

Statement 2 is incorrect : A similar council can also be established in a state having scheduled tribes but not scheduled areas therein, if the President so directs.

Ans: C

Exp: 

• The State Election Commission is a constitutional authority. It is constituted under the provisions of Article 243K read with article 243ZA of the Constitution of India. The State Election Commission is a single-member Commission comprising the State Election Commissioner.
• Statement 1 is incorrect: The Governor appoints the State Election Commissioner of the State. The SEC can only be removed from his office on the same grounds and procedures as a judge of a High Court. The removal of the SEC is done by the President.

• Statement 2 is correct: The Supreme Court ruled that serving bureaucrats must not be appointed as election commissioners to ensure that the independence of the office of the election commissioner is not compromised..

Statement 3 is correct: SECs were constituted for superintendence, direction and control of the preparation of electoral rolls for all elections to the Panchayats and the Municipalities.

Ans: B

Exp:

The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) is the main agency for preventing corruption in the Central government and the CBI is the main investigating agency of the Central Government which plays an important role in the prevention of corruption and maintaining integrity in administration. They were established in 1964 by an executive resolution of the Central government. Both CVC and CBI were established on the  recommendation of  the Santhanam Committee on Prevention of Corruption (1962–64).

Ans: B

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: The definition of ‘Consumer’ would include both offline and online consumers. The expressions “buys any goods” and “hires or avails any services” would include both offline or online transactions through electronic means, by teleshopping, direct selling or multi-level marketing.

Statement 2 is correct:  The Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA), which would serve as a regulatory body, is proposed to be established by the Consumer Protection Act 2019. Consumer Rights disputes, involving unfair practices, false advertising, and violations of those rights, will be governed by the CCPA.

• The Central Authority will have an Investigation Wing headed by a Director-General for the purpose of conducting an inquiry or investigation under the Act. CCPA may impose a penalty of up to 10 lakh on a manufacturer and endorser which includes online marketing for false and misleading advertisements. 

Statement 3 is incorrect: The 2019 act holds the manufacturer liable if a product does not meet specifications or is found to be defective. The Product Liability Clause also allows for liability for the service provider and the product vendor. When a service is poor or flawed, the provider is held accountable. If there are no prior warnings, negligence, or injury to the customer, the service provider would be held accountable under the product liability clause.

Ans: A

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) is an autonomous and statutory body which was set up under an Act of Parliament in 1999, following the recommendations of the Malhotra Committee, in 1999.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India’s headquarter is in Hyderabad. 

IRDAI is a 10-member body consisting of a chairman, five full-time members and four part-time members.