Ans: D

Exp:

Statement 1 is incorrect: Nanotechnology is the process of modifying matter at a size close to the atomic level to create novel structures, materials, and gadgets. The technique promises to advance science in a variety of fields, including manufacturing, consumer goods, energy, and medicine. The study of structures and materials on an ultra-small scale (in range of 1-100 nanometers) and the unique and interesting properties these materials demonstrate is Nanoscience.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Nanoscience is studying nanomaterials and their properties, while Nanotechnology is using those materials and properties to create something new or different.

Ans: C

Exp:

Carbon-60: Also known as BUCKY BALL or Fullerene. These are carbon atoms connected to three other carbon atoms by covalent bonds in pentagons and hexagon patterns, giving a spherical shape. Bucky balls are used in composites to strengthen materials. Being good electron acceptors, it is used in increasing the efficiency of solar cells in transforming sunlight into electricity. Hence, pair 1 is correctly matched 

Carbon nanotubes (CNT): Carbon nanotubes are rolled graphene sheets in a cylindrical shape. They are the strongest and stiffest materials on earth in terms of tensile strength. Due to their flexible electrical resistance, they are used in developing chemical vapours detection sensors. Carbon nanotubes can easily penetrate cell membranes and hence help in targeted drug delivery. Hence, pair 2 is correctly matched

Graphene: It is extracted from graphite and is an allotrope of carbon. Graphene is a revolutionary material with unique properties that can disrupt various industries. Graphene is one single layer of graphite, a layer of sp2 bonded carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb(hexagonal) lattice. Some of its important properties are that it’s a very good conductor of electricity and heat and also has diverse applications in sectors such as electricity, conductivity, sensors, Defense and aerospace industries. Hence, pair 3 is correctly matched.

Ans: B

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: Nano-formulations or nano-sized fertilizers are made from ammonium humate, ammonia, urea, peat, plant wastes, and other synthetic fertilizers. They are developed using both mechanical and biochemical processes, i.e., materials are grounded to obtain nano-sized particles through mechanical means and biochemical techniques are employed to obtain effective nanoscale formulations.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Nano-fertilizers are released very slowly in comparison to conventional fertilizers. According to the study, nano-urea can be utilized as a foliar spray for top-dressing rather than regular urea.  Additionally, foliar applications of nano urea combined with basal applications of the recommended amount of traditional urea have a yield benefit of 3-8% over applications of conventional fertilizer.

Statement 3 is incorrect: With a $175 million investment, the world’s first IFFCO nano urea (liquid) production unit was built in Kalol, Gujarat. It is currently capable of producing 1.5 lakh 500ml bottles of nano urea each day. 

Ans: A

Exp:

Nanomicelles are self-assembling, nanosized colloidal dispersions having a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell, typically with particle sizes between 10 and 100 nm. Nanomicelles exhibit certain distinctive or novel properties due to their size, solubility, customized surface, or exposure to the environment, making them multifunctional and essential for usage in biomedical applications and numerous other sectors. They help alter the drug toxicity profile with enhanced surface characteristics, which can diffuse inside the tumour cells. They deliver an optimal concentration of nano drugs at tumour sites such as cancer cells and reduce toxicity.

Ans: A

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: India NanoLaunched in 2017 to promote knowledge exchange and strengthen collaborative research in interdisciplinary fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology, Nano India is the program’s premier scientific event to bring together academicians and researchers for sharing ideas and knowledge over nanotechnology and its augmentation.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The Nano Mission was started by the Indian government as a “overarching capacity-building program” in May 2007 The Union Cabinet approved the continuation of the Nano Mission in its Phase-II during the 12th Plan period with an allocation of Rs. 650 crore in recognition of the success of the Nano Mission. The Department of Science and Technology under the Ministry of Science and Technology, is the nodal agency for implementing the Nano Mission.