Ans: C

Exp: 

Option C is correct:  In the scheme of Parliamentary system of government provided by Indian Constitution, the President is the nominal executive authority (de jure executive) and Prime Minister is the real executive authority (de facto executive). In other words, the President is the head of the State while the Prime Minister is the head of the government. Also, the President is the Constitutional head instead of figurehead and the Prime Minister is the Chairperson of Cabinet, Council of Ministers, and important Cabinet Committees. The resignation or death of an incumbent Prime Minister automatically dissolves the Council of Ministers and thereby generates a vacuum. But in case of vacancy by resignation, removal, death or otherwise, the Vice-President acts as the President until a new President is elected.

Ans: D

Exp:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The scope of the Pardoning power of the President under Article 72 is wider than the Pardoning power of the Governor under Article 161. 

Death sentence: The President can grant pardon in all cases where the sentence given is the sentence of death but the Pardoning power of the Governor does not extend to death sentence cases.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Court Martial: The power of the President to grant Pardon extends in cases where the punishment or sentence is by a Court Martial but there’s no such Constitutional provision for the Governor. 

Ans: B

Exp:

Statement 1 is incorrect: In the Article 244(1) of the Constitution, expression Scheduled Areas means such areas as the President may by order declare to be Scheduled Areas.

The President may at any time by order direct that the whole or any specified part of a Scheduled Area shall cease to be a Scheduled Area or a part of such an area; increase the area of any Scheduled Area in a State after consultation with the Governor of that State; alter, but only by way of rectification of boundaries, any Scheduled Area. 

Statement 2 is correct: The Governor may make rules prescribing or regulating the number of members of the Council, the mode of their appointment and the appointment of the Chairman of the Council and of the officers and servants thereof, the conduct of its meetings and its procedure in general; and all other incidental matters. 

Statement 3 is correct: The Governor may, by public notification, direct that any particular Act of Parliament or of the Legislature of the State shall or shall not apply to a Scheduled Area or any part thereof in the State, subject to such exceptions and modifications, as specified. The Governor may make regulations for the peace and good government of any area in the State which is for the time being a Scheduled Area. Such regulations may prohibit or restrict the transfer of land by or among members of the Scheduled tribes in such area; regulate the allotment of land to members of the STs in such area; regulate the carrying on of business as money-lender by persons who lend money to members of the STs in such area.

Ans: C

Exp: 

Statement 1 is incorrect: The Vice-president can be removed from the office by passing a resolution to that effect. A formal impeachment is not required for his removal. He can be removed by a resolution passed by a majority of all the then members of the Rajya Sabha and agreed by the Lok Sabha. Notably, no ground has been mentioned in the Constitution for his removal. 

Statement 2 is correct: The resolution for the removal of the Vice-President can be introduced only in the Rajya Sabha. The resolution can be introduced only in Rajya Sabha and not in the Lok Sabha. 

Statement 3 is incorrect: The resolution to remove the Vice-President must be passed in the Rajya Sabha by an Effective majority ( more than 50% of all the then Members of the House which is calculated by deducting the number of vacant seats from the total strength of the House) and in the Lok Sabha by a Simple Majority. It must be noted here that the effective majority in India is only a type of Special Majority and not a separate one. 

Ans: D

Exp:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The Ministers are appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister. Hence the President doesn’t enjoy any Constitutional discretion, or discretionary power in the appointment of Ministers.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Every citizen who is 18 years old on the qualifying date (January 1 of the year in case) , unless disqualified, is eligible to be enrolled as a voter. An individual who is not an MP can become a minister if he gets himself elected to the Parliament  within six months from the date of his appointment. However, while the voting age is at 18 years, a person can be an MP only after 25 years of age. 

Statement 3 is incorrect: A Minister who is a member of one house of Parliament has the right to speak and to take part in the proceedings of the other house also, but he/she can vote only in the house in which he is a Member.