Ans: B

Exp:

• Statement 1 is correct: Article 130 of the constitution declares  Delhi as the seat of the Supreme Court.

• Statement 2 is incorrect and Statement 3 is incorrect: The Constitution authorizes the Chief Justice of India to appoint other place or places as seats of the Supreme Court. He can take decisions in this regard only with the approval of the President. Thus the power solely rests with the CJI who can take decisions with the approval of the President. Parliament has no such power regarding this.

Ans: A

Exp:

Statement 1 is incorrect and Statement 2 is correct: Following are the qualification to become judge of High Court

• He should be a citizen of India.
• He should have held a judicial office in the territory of India for ten years or
• He should have been an advocate of a high court for ten years.

Statement 3 is incorrect: The Constitution has not prescribed a minimum age for appointment as a judge of a HC.

Statement 4 is incorrect: The Constitution makes no provision for appointment of a “distinguished jurist” as a judge of a HC in the opinion of the President. This provision is available in the case of the SC.

Ans: A

Exp:

• Statement 1 is correct: The Constitution of India provides for a single integrated judicial system. This means that unlike some other federal countries of the world, India does not have separate State courts. The structure of the judiciary in India is pyramidal with the Supreme Court at the top, High Courts below them and district and subordinate courts at the lowest level.

• Statement 2 is incorrect: The lower courts function under the direct superintendence of the Higher Courts, not the Supreme Court. The High courts have the authority to oversee the functioning of the lower courts in terms of administrative and judicial matters. They exercise powers of supervision, guidance, and control to ensure that justice is administered effectively and in accordance with the law. However, it is important to note that this supervision does not imply interference in the day-to-day functioning of the lower courts or undermining their independence.

Ans: A

Exp:

• Statement 1 is incorrect: According to Article 124(4) of the Constitution, a Supreme Court Judge can be removed by the process of impeachment through an order passed by the President after an address by each House of Parliament, which must be supported by a majority of the total membership of that House and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members of that House present and voting (Special majority) and which has been presented to the President in the same session.

• Statement 2 is correct: Proved misbehavior and incapacity are the only grounds for removal of Supreme Court judges.
• Statement 3 is incorrect: The Constitution of India does not provide a definition or explanation of what constitutes ‘incapacity and proved misbehavior’ of the Judges.

Ans: C

Exp:

• Option C is correct: According to Article 71 of the Constitution, all doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice-President shall be inquired into and decided by the Supreme Court. Further, according to the Presidential and Vice -Presidential Elections Act, 1952, an election petition can be filed before the Supreme Court.