Ans: D

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: The President can transfer a judge from one high court to another after consulting the Chief Justice of India. On transfer,  the judge is entitled to receive, in addition to his salary, such compensatory allowance as may be determined by Parliament.

Statement 2 is correct: The procedure for the impeachment of a judge of a high court is the same as that for a judge of the Supreme Court. The key distinction between the two is the level of the judiciary to which the judge belongs, but the process itself is identical. The impeachment of judges is a rare and serious procedure, and it is designed to ensure the independence of the judiciary while providing a mechanism to address serious misconduct or incapacity.

Ans: A

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: As a court of record, a high court also has the power to review and correct its own judgement, order, or decision, even though no specific power of review is conferred on it by the Constitution. The Supreme Court, on the other hand, has been specifically conferred with the power of review by the Constitution. 

Statement 2 is incorrect: The salaries and allowances of the judges, the salaries, allowances, and pensions of the staff as well as the administrative expenses of a high court, are charged on the consolidated fund of the state. However, the pension of a high court judge is charged on the Consolidated Fund of India and not on the state.

Statement 3 is correct: The writ jurisdiction of the high court (under Article 226) is not exclusive but concurrent with the writ jurisdiction of the Supreme Court (under Article 32). The writ jurisdiction of the high court is wider than that of the Supreme Court. The high court can issue writs to any person, authority or government not only within its territorial jurisdiction but also outside its territorial jurisdiction if the cause of action arises within its territorial jurisdiction.

Ans: C

Exp:

Articles 52 to 78 in Part V of the Constitution deal with the Union executive. The Union executive consists of the following:

• The President

• The Vice President

• The Prime Minister

• The Council of Ministers 

• the Attorney General of India. 

The President is the head of the Indian State. He is the first citizen of India and acts as the symbol of unity, integrity and solidarity of the nation. 

The Chief Justice of India is not a part of the Union Executive of India.

Ans: D

Exp:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The President’s election is held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote and the voting is by secret ballot. This system ensures that the successful candidate is returned by the absolute majority of votes. A candidate, in order to be declared elected to the office of President, must secure a fixed quota of votes. 

Statement 2 is correct: Every elected member of the legislative assembly of a state shall have as many votes as there are multiples of one thousand in the quotient obtained by dividing the population of the state by the total number of the elected members of the assembly. 

The value of the vote of each member of the Legislative Assembly of a state is determined by the formula as given below = Total population of the State / Number of elected members of State Legislative Assembly * 1000

Statement 3 is correct: All doubts and disputes in connection with election of the President are inquired into and decided by the Supreme Court whose decision is final. The election of a person as President cannot be challenged on the ground that the electoral college was incomplete (i.e., the existence of any vacancy among the members of the electoral college).

Ans: B

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: The President can be removed from office only by Parliament by following the procedure for impeachment. The ground for impeachment is the violation of the Constitution. However, the Constitution does not define the meaning of the phrase ‘violation of the Constitution’. 

Statement 2 is incorrect: The impeachment charges can be initiated by either House of Parliament. These charges should be signed by one-fourth of the members of the House (that framed the charges), and a 14-day notice should be given to the President. After the impeachment resolution is passed by a majority of two-thirds of the total membership of that House, it is sent to the other House, which should investigate the charges. 

Statement 3 is incorrect: An impeachment is a quasi-judicial procedure in the Parliament. In this context, two things should be noted: 

(a) the nominated members of either House of Parliament can participate in the impeachment of the President though they do not participate in his election. 

(b) the elected members of the legislative assemblies of states and the Union Territories of Delhi and Puducherry do not participate in the impeachment of the President, though they participate in his election.