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  »   Editorial Analysis   »   France Parliamentary Election 2024

France Parliamentary Election 2024

July 11, 2024

France Parliamentary Election 2024

A loose alliance of left-wing parties has secured the most seats in the 577-seat National Assembly. No group won an absolute majority, leaving France in political limbo without a clear path to forming a new government.

Relevancy for Prelims: French Constitution, Indian Constitution, Secularism, etc.

Relevancy for Mains: Similarities and differences between the Indian Constitution and the French Constitution, etc. 

 

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India and France

Attributes France India
Nature
  • It has a unitary form of government and a semi-presidential government.
  • India is a Parliamentary form of democracy with the President as its nominal head.
Law Making Power
  • The French Parliament lacks dominant law- making.
  • The legislature has a list of subjects on which it should pass legislation, while the President makes the law on the rest of the issues.
  • With respect to law-making on the Central list as per the seventh schedule where the president has Ordinance making power only.
Parliament
  • The French Parliament is bicameral, consisting of two houses: National Assembly and the Senate.
  • The National Assembly’s significantly greater powers than the Senate’s make the French bicameral system an unequal one.
  • The Senate cannot be dissolved.
  • Rajya Sabha has Limited power as compared to Lok Sabha.
  • Only in the case of constitutional amendment Rajya Sabha is on an equal footing with Lok Sabha in India.
Secularism
  • Follows the rigid principle of secularism: The state does not support religious activities but also does not interfere in private religious practices.
  • It prohibits any visible religious symbols in public spaces. This model leaves no scope for the idea of the state- supported religious reforms.
  • Indian secularism respects all religions equally and is the best example of positive secularism.
Amendment
  • Both the Houses of Parliament have to pass a resolution by a 3/5th majority.
  • So rigid in nature The President may also choose to refer to the amendment to the people by referendum.
  • Blend of flexible and rigid. No provisions like referendums etc.
President
  • The President is elected for a fixed term (5 years). 
  • The President shall be elected by an absolute majority of votes polled (Second Ballot system).
  • The High Court of Justice will inquire about the impeachment of the president.
  • No such body in India president’s impeachment follows constitutional provisions and parliament is a body to do so.
Prime Minister
  • The French Prime Minister is an advisor to the President (concept of cohabitation).
  • Between the two positions, there is a division of functions rather than a division of power.
  • The French President is in charge of foreign affairs and domestic issues.
  • The PM, on the other hand, is in charge of the company’s day-to- day operations.
  • Local government and domestic.
  • The real head of the government is the prime minister
Judiciary
  • The High Council of Justice nominates the judges.
  • The President and members of the judiciary are in charge of this body.
  • The President is also referred to as the “Guardian of the Judiciary.”
  • The higher judiciary employs a collegium method for appointing judges to the higher Judiciary.
  • Oath is administered by the president and the impeachment process completes under the oversight of the Parliament.

Conclusion

India and France have distinct political systems, reflecting unique approaches to government structure, law-making, secularism, amendments, presidential roles, prime ministerial duties, and judicial appointments.

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