Recently, US President Donald Trump published a 20-point peace proposal for Gaza, aiming to end the ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas.

Trump’s Ambitions

• Peace Plan as an Ego Product: The plan is viewed as a fusion of U.S. superpower influence and Trump’s personal ambitions. Driven by a desire to be remembered as a “Peace President,” Trump is reportedly motivated by the goal of winning the Nobel Peace Prize.
• Trump’s Broader Global Ambitions: Trump has also claimed he could end the Ukraine war in 24 hours and seeks to resolve seven global conflicts, including the India-Pakistan conflict.

Limitations of Trump’s Gaza Peace Plan

• Limitations of Approach: While Trump’s intent to end the war is positive, his approach lacks patience, diplomatic effort, and nuanced understanding of the conflict’s complexities.
• Dependence on Negotiation: The plan, naming a redeveloped “New Gaza”, leaves key details to negotiators and relies heavily on Hamas’ acceptance.

Key Provisions of the Gaza Peace Plan

• Security and Governance: Gaza will be deradicalized and terror-free, posing no threat to neighboring countries. 
  • Hamas and other factions will have no role in governance or military activities. Hamas members who commit to peaceful coexistence and disarmament will receive amnesty. 
  • Gaza will be governed temporarily by a technocratic, apolitical Palestinian committee, overseen by the “Board of Peace”, chaired by Trump himself.
• International Stabilization Force (ISF): An ISF will secure borders and train Palestinian police, while the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) will gradually withdraw as Gaza becomes secure.
• Ceasefire and Conflict Resolution: Upon both sides agreeing to the proposal, the war will immediately end with an immediate ceasefire freezing all military operations.
• Humanitarian Assistance: Immediate humanitarian aid will include water, electricity, hospitals, schools, and rubble clearance.
• Economic Reconstruction and Development: Trump’s economic development plan aims to rebuild Gaza, offering a special economic zone with preferred tariffs and access rates to attract investment.
• Political Pathway and Statehood: Reconstruction and reforms will prepare Gaza for eventual Palestinian Authority control and create conditions for a credible pathway toward Palestinian statehood.

Reactions from Stakeholders

• Arab Countries: While Muslim states have praised Trump’s efforts, they have avoided endorsing specific provisions, demanding a Two-State Solution that includes Gaza, the West Bank, and Jerusalem with unconditional statehood.
• Israel: Israel has not rejected the plan, but Prime Minister Netanyahu opposes Palestinian statehood and may use Hamas’s non-compliance as justification for military action.
• Hamas: Hamas is unlikely to accept unconditional surrender or disarmament, viewing the plan as one-sided.

Challenges in the Implementation of the Plan

• Disarmament Difficulty: Disarming Hamas is extremely challenging due to their commitment to armed struggle.
• Supervisory Bias: Trump’s perceived bias toward Israel may lead Palestinians to reject his chairmanship of the peace board.
• Funding Crisis: Rebuilding Gaza costs $18–20 billion, and international donors are reluctant to provide funds.
• International Force: Deploying an international force is logistically and politically complex.
• Experience from Ukraine: Trump’s previous quick-peace claims in Ukraine failed, suggesting the Gaza plan may also face implementation challenges.

Conclusion

The success of any peace plan depends on the willingness of combatants to make concessions and build internal consensus, which Trump, as an external actor, cannot fully ensure. His initiatives rely on political bravado and US power but remain fragile with uncertain long-term outcomes.

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