Ans: B

Exp:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The All-India Trade Union Congress was founded by N.M Joshi on October 31, 1920. The Indian National Congress president for the year, Lala Lajpat Rai, was elected as the first president of AITUC, and Dewan Chaman Lal was elected as the first general secretary.

Statement 2 is correct: In the beginning, the AITUC was influenced by the social democratic ideas of the British Labour Party. However, with time, Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence, trusteeship, and class collaboration had a significant influence on the movement.

Statement 3 is correct: Lajpat Rai as a member of the AITUC, was the first to link capitalism with imperialism. He said “Imperialism and militarism are the twin children of capitalism”. Thus capitalism without welfare orientation was vehemently opposed by the movement.

Ans: B

Exp:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The All India States People’s Conference was a conglomeration of political movements in the princely states of the British Raj, which were variously called Praja Mandals or Lok Parishads. Nehru presided over the All India State People’s Conference sessions in Udaipur (1945) and Gwalior (April 1947). The All India State People’s Conference was dissolved on 25th April, 1948.

Statement 2 is correct: The Butler Committee/Indian States Commitee (1927) was set up to examine the nature of relationship between the princely states and paramount power of the British Raj in India. One of the recommendations of the Commitee was that Paramountancy should remain supreme.

Ans:  C

Exp:

Nagpur session, 1920 : The country was divided into twenty-one Congress provinces and the Princely States were incorporated in adjoining provinces. Further, the people of Princely States could become members of the District Congress Committees and through them, they could be returned as members of the All India Congress Committee and as delegates to the Congress. But the inclusion of state people in Congress activities did not mean any interference by the Congress in the internal affairs of the Princely States.

Karachi session, 1931: This session of Congress endorsed the Gandhi- Irwin pact and passed resolution on the Fundamental rights. It was presided over by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. 

Haripura session, 1938: The session adopted a resolution that Congress would give moral support to those agitating against the governance in the princely states.  S. C Bose was elected as the President of the Congress. 

Lahore session, 1929: This session demanded ‘Purna Swaraj’( complete independence) and was Presided by Pandit J.L Nehru.

Ans: B

Exp:

Statement 1& 2  is correct: The All India States Peoples’ Conference (AISPC) was the association of the Praja Mandals in the princely states under the British Raj. These Praja Mandals, established nationwide, sought to introduce responsible government. The first session of AISPC was held in Bombay in 1927 which brought together representatives from various Indian princely states. In 1939, The Indian National Congress amended its policy to lend support to the AISPC in view of the rising tide of nationalism and political mobilisation in the Princely States. This made the Ludhiana Session of the AISPC even more significant. Jawaharlal Nehru was elected its president, and he continued to hold this position till 1946.

Statement 3 is incorrect: The first session of AISPC was presided by Dewan Bahadur Ram Chandra Rao. It was held in Bombay in 1927. Since then AISPC has tried to keep close ties with the national movement.

Ans: A

Exp:

Pair 1 is incorrectly matched: Meerut Conspiracy(1929): Muzaffar Ahmed, S.A. Dange, Joglekar, Philip Spratt, Ben Bradley, Shaukat Usmani, and others were charged and imprisoned after trial. 

Pair 2 is correctly matched:Kakori Conspiracy (1925): The members of the Hindustan Republican Association(HRA)  held up the 8-Down train at Kakori, an obscure village near Lucknow, and looted its official railway cash. Government crackdown after the Kakori robbery led to arrests of many, of whom 17 were jailed, 4 were transported for life and 4—Bismil, Ashfaqullah, Roshan Singh, and Rajendra Lahiri—were hanged. Kakori proved to be a setback for HRA.

Pair 3 is incorrectly matched: Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case(1924): Many communists—S.A. Dange, Muzaffar Ahmed, Shaukat Usmani, Nalini Gupta—were jailed. However, M.N. Roy was charged in absentia in this case.