Ans: D     

Exp:

Leaders of the Indian freedom struggle are classified as Moderates and extremists based on their beliefs, ideologies, and their methods. Moderates (1885-1905) believed in Liberalism and Moderate Politics. However, The Extremist leaders firmly believed that the British had no interest in the Indian people. 

Options 1, 2, and 3 are correct: Some leading Moderates were A.O. Hume, W.C. Banerjee, Surendranath Banerjee, Pherozeshah Mehta, Gopalakrishna Gokhale,, Badruddin Tyabji, Justice Ranade, and G. Subramanyaa Aiyar.

Option 4 is incorrect: Some leading Extremists were Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal and Aurobindo Ghosh.

Ans: A      

Exp:    

Statement 1 is correct: Moderates believed in Liberalism and Moderate Politics. They believed that the British rulers were merely unaware of the plight of the Indian masses and that once they were made aware, the British authorities would do their utmost to improve the lives of the local populace.  The major reason behind the rise of Extremists (1905-1920) was their frustration with the politics of Moderates. The Extremist leaders firmly believed that the British had no interest in the issues of  Indian people. 

Statement 2 is incorrect: Moderates limited their struggle to constitutional means. Extremists often used extra-constitutional methods during their activities. 

solution -: (2 )

Explaination here

Ans: A

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct: In the later 1870s and early 1880s, a solid ground had been prepared for the establishment of an all-India organisation. The final shape to this idea was given by a retired English civil servant, Allan Octavian Hume, who mobilised leading intellectuals of the time and, with their cooperation, organised the first session of the Indian National Congress

Statement 2 is incorrect: The first session of the Indian National Congress was held at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay in December 1885 and presided over by Womesh Chandra  Bonnerjee.

Surendranath Banerjea and Ananda Mohan Bose were the main architects of the Indian National Conference.

Ans: C

Exp:

The main aims of the Indian National Congress in the initial stage were:

• • To find a democratic, nationalist movement;

• To politicise and politically educate people;

• • To establish the headquarters for a movement;
  • To  promote friendly relations among nationalist political workers from different parts of the country;

• To develop and propagate an anti-colonial nationalist ideology;

• • To formulate and present popular demands before the government with a view to unifying the people over a common economic and political programme;

• To develop and consolidate a feeling of national unity among people irrespective of religion, caste, or province.

• To carefully promote and nurture Indian nationhood.