All About Jain Architectural Legacy

Introduction

Jain architectural legacy epitomizes intricate craftsmanship and spiritual devotion. From grand temples to serene shrines, it reflects the Jain ethos of simplicity, non-violence, and reverence for life.

Jain Architectural Legacy Across India

• Temple Builder: Jains, like Hindus, were prolific temple builders, with sacred Jain sculptures found across India.
• Deccan Sites: Ellora and Aihole in the Deccan feature Jain architectural legacy. 
• Exemplary Work: Central Indian towns like Deogarh, Khajuraho, Chanderi, and Gwalior showcase exemplary Jain temples.
• Statue of Gomateshwara: Karnataka boasts a rich Jain heritage, with Sravana Belagola hosting the world’s tallest monolithic free-standing structure—the statue of Gomateshwara.
• Mount Abu: Jain temples at Mount Abu, constructed by Vimal Shah, exhibit a simplistic exterior with rich sculptural decoration.
• Rishabhanatha Temple: Shatrunjay hills near Palitana in Gujarat house an imposing cluster of Jain temples. 
  • The main temple is dedicated to Rishabhanatha, the first Tirthankara; it is the holiest shrine for the Svetambara Murtipujaka sect.
• Parasnath hill (Chota Nagpur Plateau, Jharkhand) is named after Parshvanatha, the 23rd Jain Tirthankara who got salvation here. 
  • Sammed Shikharji (Sammet Shikharji) on this hill is considered to be the biggest pilgrimage site by both the Digambaras and the Svetambaras. 
  • It is believed that it is the place where 20 of the 24 Jain tirthankaras attained ‘moksha‘ or salvation.
  • The hill is also known as Marang Buru (‘great mountain’, the supreme deity) by Santhals.

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Challenges in Preservation of Jain Architectural Legacy

• Reusage: Sculptures made of silver and gold likely faced reuse through melting are included in the Jain architectural legacy. 
• Fragile sculptures crafted from wood and ivory have perished over time.
• Preservation: Many sculptures, including likely painted ones, faced challenges in pigment preservation over centuries with Jain architectural legacy. 
• The rich tradition of painting during this period is evidenced by surviving murals in a few religious buildings.

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Conclusion

• Jain architectural legacy, with its profound symbolism and intricate artistry, reflects the spiritual depth of Jainism. From majestic shrines to serene hills, it remains an enduring testament to Jain heritage and devotion.

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