Option (a) is correct.

Explanation:

• The Adaptation Gap Report was released recently by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
• Key Findings:
  • Global temperatures and climate impacts and risks continue to rise, highlighting the urgent need for rapid acceleration of global adaptation action.
  • While global average temperatures already exceed 1.1°C above pre-industrial levels, current plans reflected in the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are putting us towards 2.4°C–2.6°C by the end of the century.  
  • One out of six countries still does not have a national adaptation planning instrument and more must be done to close the remaining gap
  • Adaptation finance needs are 10–18 times as great as current international public adaptation finance flows – at least 50 percent higher than previously estimated.

Option (d) is correct.

Explanation:

• The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) has released a recent report indicating that a “violent extremist organization under investigation” in India has been raising funds through well-structured networks. 
• Statement 1 is correct:  FATF is an inter-governmental body  established in 1989 during the G7 Summit in Paris to develop policies against money laundering.
• Statement 2 is correct: The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an observer to FATF.
• Statement 3 is correct: India is also a member of its regional partners, the Asia Pacific Group (APG) and the Eurasian Group (EAG).
• India became an Observer at FATF in 2006. On June 25, 2010 India was taken in as the 34th country member of FATF.
• The FATF President, chosen by the Plenary from its members, leads meetings, including those of the Plenary and Steering Group, while supervising the Secretariat.

Option (a) is correct.

Explanation:

• India recently criticized the European Union’s (EU) plan to impose a Carbon Tax on imports, calling it a poorly thought-out decision.
• Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is the EU’s tool to fight carbon leakage and is one of the central pillars of the EU’s ambitious Fit for 55 Agenda. 
• The Fit for 55 package is a set of proposals to revise and update EU legislation and to put in place new initiatives with the aim of ensuring that EU policies are into line with the climate goals.

Option (d) is correct.

Explanation:

• India and the US are scheduled to hold their next 2+2 ministerial dialogue in India next week, involving the foreign and defense ministers of both countries.
• The 2+2 dialogue is a format of meeting of the foreign and defense ministers of India and its allies on strategic and security issues.
• Agenda: 
  • To discuss bilateral and global concerns and developments in the Indo-Pacific.
  • Discuss Chinese aggression in the South China Sea and Pacific regions.
• India’s Other Partners in 2+2 ministerial dialogue:
  • Australia, Japan, and Russia.

Option (d) is correct.

Explanation:

• India, in its capacity as the chair of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI), has taken a leadership stand on AI during day 2 of “AI Safety Summit 2023” held at Bletchley Park, in the United Kingdom
• Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence is a multi-stakeholder initiative which aims to bridge the gap between theory and practice on AI by supporting cutting-edge research and applied activities on AI-related priorities.
• It is a congregation of 25 member countries, including the US, the UK, EU, Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, and Singapore.
• India joined the GPAI in 2020 as a founding member.