Iceland Declares State of Emergency Over Volcanic Eruption Threat

November 11, 2023

GS Paper II International Relations

Context:

Iceland’s Reykjanes peninsula experienced significant earthquakes, raising concerns about a potential volcanic eruption. Consequently, the country declared a state of emergency on November 10, 2023.

Key Points

Iceland, with 33 active volcanic systems, experiences frequent seismic activity due to its location on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
Three eruptions since 2021 underscore the region’s increased volcanic activity.
The Reykjanes volcanic system, dormant for eight centuries before 2021, exhibits a new cycle of heightened activity that may persist for decades or centuries.

About Mid-Atlantic Ridge

The ridge was discovered in the 1950s. Its discovery led to the theory of seafloor spreading and the general acceptance of Wegener’s theory of continental drift.
The MAR separates the North American Plate from the Eurasian Plate in the North Atlantic, and the South American Plate from the African Plate in the South Atlantic.
Most of the ridge system is underwater but forms land as a set of volcanic islands of varying size that run the length of the Atlantic Ocean.

state of emergency

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