The World Meteorological Organization (WMO), released its State of the Global Climate Update 2025 released ahead of the COP30 Climate Summit in Belém, Brazil.

Key Findings of the WMO Report

• Global Temperature: 
  • The global mean near-surface temperature (Jan–Aug 2025) was 1.42°C above pre-industrial levels.
  • 2025 is expected to rank as the second or third warmest year on record, following 2024, which remains the hottest year ever recorded.
  • The years 2015–2025 are set to be the warmest decade since records began.
• Greenhouse Gas Concentrations: Concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O) reached record highs in 2024, continuing to rise in 2025.
• Ocean Heat Content: Over 90% of excess global heat is absorbed by oceans, leading to Marine ecosystem degradation, Biodiversity loss, Stronger tropical storms and faster sea-ice loss.
• Sea-Level Rise: The long-term rate of global sea-level rise has doubled since the early satellite era.
  • The year 2024 set a new record for global mean sea level, with 2025 showing a slight temporary dip due to La Niña effects.
• Glacial Retreat: The 2023/24 hydrological year marked the third consecutive year of global glacier mass loss.
• Widespread Disasters: 2025 witnessed severe floods across Africa and Asia, wildfires in Europe and North America, extreme heatwaves, and tropical cyclones
• Early Warning Systems: 
  • Countries with Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems (MHEWSs) increased from 56 (2015) to 119 (2024).
  • Yet, 40% of countries still lack such systems, especially in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDSs).
• Heat-Driven Energy Demand: Climate variability is affecting renewable power generation and demand.
  • The record heat of 2024 drove global energy demand to 4% above the 1991–2020 baseline.
  • Global renewable capacity grew 15% in 2024 (to 4,448 GW).

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