Option (c) is correct

Explanation:

• Recently, the Prime Minister referred to the “Samosa Caucus” in the House of Representatives in his speech to the joint sitting of the United States Congress.
• Samosa Caucus is the name given to an informal grouping of Indian-origin Americans in the US Congress.
• It is said to have been coined by Raja Krishnamoorthy, member of the US House of Representatives from Illinois’s 8th District.
• It signals the elevation of the Indian-origin community from professional or instrumental roles — in retail, hospitality, medicine and information technology — to political prominence, with direct access to the levers of power.

Option (b) is correct

Explanation:

• Recently, the 70th death anniversary (23rd June) of Syama Prasad Mookerjee was observed.
• The Nehru-Liaquat Pact, also known as the Delhi Pact, was a bilateral agreement signed between India and Pakistan.
• Statement 1 is correct: It provided  a framework for the treatment of minorities in the two countries. It was signed by the two country’s prime ministers, Jawaharlal Nehru and Liaquat Ali Khan.
• Statement 2 is not correct: Syama Prasad Mookerjee, served as the Minister for Industry and Supply in the interim government. He resigned in April 1950 over the controversial Nehru-Liaquat Pact.

Option (a) is correct

Explanation:

• Recently, the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) has unveiled its highly anticipated list of the ‘Most Liveable Cities in the World 2023’. 
• Through an evaluation of five metrics, including healthcare, culture, environment, education, and stability, this ranking offers insights into the cities that excel in providing an exceptional quality of life.
• Top Ranked Cities: Vienna (Austria), Copenhagen (Denmark), Melbourne and Sydney (Australia)
• Bottom Ranked Cities: Algiers (Algeria), Tripoli (Libya) and Damascus (Syria)
• Among Asian countries, only Osaka in Japan features among the top 10 most liveable countries at number 9.

Option (b) is correct

Explanation:

• India has been inducted into the Mineral Security Partnership (MSP), a US-led collaboration of 14 countries that aims to catalyse public and private investment in critical mineral supply chains globally.
• A critical mineral is a mineral resource that is essential to the economy and has high economic vulnerability and high global supply chain risk.
• Statement 1 is correct: According to the International Energy Agency, the major producers of critical minerals are China, Congo, Chile, Indonesia, South Africa, and Australia. China has global dominance in terms of processing.
• Statement 2 is correct: Rare earth comprises 17 elements and are classified as light RE elements (LREE) and heavy RE elements (HREE). Some Rare Earths minerals are available in India such as lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, praseodymium and samarium, while others such as dysprosium, terbium, europium that are classified as HREE are not available in Indian deposits in extractable quantities. 

Option (d) is correct

Explanation:

• Recently, the Union Minister of Public Grievances, and Pensions, launched the Grievance Redressal Assessment and Index (GRAI) 2022.
• Statement 1 is correct:It was conceptualised and designed by the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG), Govt. of India.
• It  presents an organisation-wise comparative picture and provides valuable insights about strengths and areas of improvement regarding the grievance redressal mechanism.
• Statement 2 is correct:To compute the index, data was used from the Centralised Public Grievance Redressal and Management System (CPGRAMS).

Option (c) is correct

Explanation:

Recently, the Russian Navy  announced that all its navy frigates would be equipped with hypersonic Zircon missiles.