Ans : B

Exp:

Forest based Industries are:

• • Terpentine is a kind of fluid which is obtained by distillation of resins of the living trees like pines. It is mainly used as a solvent and fuel.Hence, Statement 1 is correct.
  • Lac is a natural resin produced by the scale insect Laccifer lacca, which is a parasite of certain host trees. It is used mainly to make lacquer and glossing material. Being tasteless and odourless, lac has found numerous and highly diverse industrial uses. It can be used in the food industry for coating of fruits, chocolates, lozenges; in the leather industry as a coating and top-dressing material; in the electric industry as an insulator etc. Hence , Statement 2 is correct.

• TImber Industry

Animal based Industry 

• Wool is an animal based industry. Leather for the leather industry and wool for woolen textiles are obtained from animals. Hence, Statement 3 is incorrect.

Agro based industry

• Edible oil is an agro based industry, which involves the processing of raw materials from the field and the farm into finished products for rural and urban markets. Hence , Statement 4 is incorrect. 
• Some examples of agro-processing industries include sugar, pickles, food processing, fruits juices, coffee, tea and cocoa, spices and oils, fats and textiles (cotton, jute, silk), rubber, etc.

Ans: A

Exp:

Statement 1 is incorrect :The Vishakapatnam – Guntur region extends from Visakhapatnam to Kurnool and Prakasam districts in the southern parts of Andhra Pradesh. The growth and industrial development of this region was facilitated by Visakhapatnam and Machilipatnam ports and it also led to the development of agriculture and rich reserves of minerals in their hinterlands. Kakinada and Krishnapatnam ports developed much later.

Statement 2 is correct: In this region the shipbuilding industry was the first to take roots which started in the year 1941. Thereafter there was a rapid rise of petroleum refinery based on imported petroleum. This led to growth of several petrochemical industries. Other industries in the region include jute, paper, sugar, textiles, fertiliser, cement, aluminium and light engineering.

Ans: C

Exp:

Statement 1 is correct : The production of Polymers is facilitated through ethylene and propylene, and these materials are obtained during the process of refining crude oil. Polymers are widely used in form of raw materials in the plastic industry.

Statement 2 is incorrect : The growth and development of plastic polymers started in India in the decades following independence during the late fifties and the early sixties using organic chemicals.  The first naptha based private industry was established at Mumbai by the National Organic Chemicals Industries Limited (NOCIL), which was set in private sector in 1961. 

Statement 3 is correct :Indian Space research Organisation (ISRO) is now more than ever dependent on advanced polymeric and composite materials for its launch vehicles and satellites. Polymers can withstand the harsh environments encountered during missions ranging from exposure to cryogenic fluids to plasma formed during re-entry missions. 

Ans: B

Exp:

The sugar industry is the second most important agro-based industry in the country. The growth and development of the sugar  industry on modern lines can be traced back to 1903, when the first sugar mill was started in Bihar. 

Statement 1 is correct : In terms of sugar production, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh are one of the top-producing states , while other States which produce sugar are Bihar, Gujarat, Punjab and Haryana However, the relative significance of Punjab has declined in terms of sugar production due to the latest shift of many industries to other regions.

Statement 2 is incorrect : In India, due to agro climatic and locational factors, sugar factories are concentrated in –  the Ganga-Yamuna doab and the Tarai region.  Basti, Gonda, Gorakhpur, Bahraich are important sugar producing districts in the Terai region.

Statement 3 is incorrect : India has emerged as the world’s largest producer and consumer of sugar as well as the world’s 2nd largest EXPORTER of sugar after Brazil, in Sugar Season (Oct-Sep) 2021-22. It has retained its position in the top three for previous few years.

Ans: D

Exp :

Statement 1 is incorrect :Cotton is a “pure” raw material which does not lose weight in the manufacturing process. So other factors, like, power to drive the looms, labor, capital or market may determine the location of the industry.

Statement 2 is correct :  Cotton textile mills are localised near the markets, it is the market that decides what kind of cloth is to be produced. Also the market for the finished products is extremely variable, therefore, it becomes important to locate the mills close to the market. Locating Mills near the market helps in reducing the distribution costs for the millers and also distance for the consumers.