Answer:

Khadi, a hand-spun and hand-woven fabric, has been a symbol of India’s independence movement and self-reliance, championed by Mahatma Gandhi. Despite this storied past, the Khadi industry now faces significant challenges. According to the Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC), Khadi’s contribution to India’s GDP is around 0.5%, showing its declining prominence in the modern economy.

Khadi as a Symbol of India’s Storied Past and Self-Reliance:

• Gandhian Symbolism: Khadi became the fabric of India’s freedom struggle under Mahatma Gandhi’s leadership, symbolizing self-reliance and resistance against British rule.
  For instance: Gandhi’s promotion of charkha (spinning wheel) empowered millions, making Khadi a national movement and a key element of Swadeshi.
• Economic Empowerment: Khadi was more than just a fabric; it was a tool for economic empowerment, providing employment to rural artisans.
  For instance: The All India Khadi and Village Industries Board was established in 1953 to support rural industries, ensuring a steady income for the rural poor.
• National Identity: Khadi represented India’s identity and pride during the independence movement, and it continues to embody the nation’s cultural and historical heritage as a symbol of enduring national pride.
• Sustainability: Khadi, being eco-friendly and sustainable, was a precursor to today’s green movements.
  For example: The production of Khadi requires no electricity, aligning with Gandhi’s vision of sustainable development and minimal environmental impact.
• Global Recognition: Over the decades, Khadi has been recognized globally as a symbol of Indian heritage.
  For instance: Khadi was showcased at the United Nations in 2019 during Gandhi’s 150th birth anniversary, highlighting its enduring global appeal.

Challenges Facing the Khadi Industry:

• Competition from Synthetic Fabrics: The rise of machine-made synthetic fabrics like polyester, often cheaper and mass-produced, has overshadowed Khadi.
  For instance: The Flag Code of India (2022) allowing polyester flags has led to a decline in Khadi’s symbolic and commercial value.
• Decline in Government Procurement: Government procurement of Khadi has reduced, with many departments opting for cheaper alternatives.
  For instance: The Karnataka Khadi Gramodyoga Samyukta Sangha faced severe losses due to declining government orders, leading to protests in 2022.
• GST and Economic Pressures: The imposition of GST on Khadi products has increased production costs, making them less competitive.
  For instance: Despite demands, the government has not exempted Khadi from GST, placing additional financial burdens on small-scale weavers.
• Lack of Market Access: Khadi products often struggle to find markets, especially in urban and global markets.
  For example: The KVIC has reported a decline in sales, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to reduced market access and lack of marketing support.
• Technological Gaps: The Khadi industry lags in adopting modern technology, leading to lower productivity and quality issues.
  For example: Many Khadi units still rely on traditional hand-spinning methods, which cannot compete with modern textile technologies.

Steps to Revitalize the Khadi Industry:

• Government Support and Policy Reforms: Strengthening government policies to prioritize Khadi procurement in public departments can boost the industry.
  For instance: Introducing mandates for government uniforms and official flags to be made exclusively from Khadi can create consistent demand.
• Tax Exemptions and Subsidies: Providing GST exemptions and subsidies for Khadi production can reduce costs and enhance competitiveness.
  For instance: Implementing a zero GST policy on Khadi products can make them more affordable and appealing to consumers.
• Global Marketing and Branding: Promoting Khadi as a global brand through international fairs and e-commerce platforms can expand its market reach.
  For instance: KVIC’s collaboration with platforms like Amazon and Flipkart has already shown positive results, indicating a path forward.
• Technological Upgradation: Integrating modern technology in the Khadi production process can improve quality and efficiency.
  For instance: Introducing solar-powered charkhas and automated looms in Khadi units can boost production while maintaining the fabric’s traditional essence.
• Skill Development and Training: Offering skill development programs to Khadi artisans can enhance their craft and productivity.
  For example: The government’s Skill India initiative can be tailored to include training programs specifically for Khadi weavers and spinners.

Revitalizing the Khadi industry requires a multifaceted approach that combines government support, technological advancement, and market expansion. As a symbol of India’s heritage and resilience, Khadi’s revival is essential not only for preserving cultural identity but also for empowering rural artisans and promoting sustainable development. The future of Khadi lies in innovation, cooperation, and global outreach, ensuring it remains a fabric of pride and progress for generations to come.

DOWNLOAD PDF