Ans: C

Exp:

Option (a) is incorrect: Megalopolis: This Greek word meaning “great city”, was popularised by Jean Gottman (1957) and signifies a ‘super – metropolitan’ region extending as a union of conurbations. Generally, a city with more than 10 million population is taken as megalopolis(or Mega city). The urban landscape stretching from Boston in the north to south of Washington in the U.S.A. is the best-known example of a megalopolis. 

Option (b) is incorrect: A suburban region within an urban agglomeration is characterised by most of the industrial and commercial activities. Sub-urban zones are places where most jobs are located.

Option (c) is correct : Conurbation: The term conurbation was coined by Patrick Geddes in 1915 and applied to a large area of urban development that resulted from the merging of originally separate towns or cities. Greater London, Manchester, Chicago, and Tokyo are examples.

Option (d) is incorrect : A small town or village that is based on primary activities like mining, fishing, or agriculture is categorised as an Eopolis.

Ans: D

Exp:

Patterns of Rural Settlement:

• Star-like pattern: Where several roads converge, star-shaped settlements develop by the houses built along the roads. Hence, option (a) is incorrect 

• Linear pattern: In such settlementss, houses are located along a road, railway line, river, canal edge of a valley or along a levee. Hence option (b) is incorrect 
• Rectangular pattern: Such patterns of rural settlements are found in plain areas or wide intermontane valleys. The roads are rectangular and cut each other at right angles. Hence option (c) is incorrect 
• Circular pattern: Circular villages develop around lakes, tanks and, sometimes, the village is planned in such a way that the central part remains open and is used for keeping the animals to protect them from wild animals. Hence, option (d) is correct 

Ans: D

Exp:

The Census 2011 is the 15th National Census survey conducted by the Census Organisation of India under Mr. C. Chandramouli,  Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, Ministry of Home Affairs. The Census of India has been conducted in two phases: house listing and population profiling. As per the 2011 Census, the correct descending order in terms of population density (person / sq. km) is as follows:

• Bihar (1106)

• West Bengal (1028)

• Kerala (860)

• Uttar Pradesh (829).

Ans: B

Exp:

Tropical Evergreen Forests are found on the western slopes of the Western Ghats, in the hills of the Northeast region, and in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. They are found in warm and humid areas. As the trees have no definite season to shed their leaves, the forest appears green throughout the year. These forests are dense and form a canopy. They shelter numerous animal species like elephants, monkeys, reptiles, deer, etc. This type of forest is found in warm and humid areas with an annual precipitation of over 200 cm and a mean annual temperature above 22°C. In these types of forests, trees reach great heights of up to 60 m or above. There is no definite time for trees to shed their leaves, flower, and bear fruit. Important tree species found in these forests include Rosewood, Mahogany, Ebony, etc.

Ans: D

Exp:

The India State of Forest Report 2021 is the 17th biennial assessment of India’s forests by the Forest Survey of India. Some of the major findings of the report were

• • The total forest and tree cover is 24.62% of the geographical area of the country, where total forest cover is 21.71% and tree cover is 2.91% of the geographical area of the country.
  • There has been an increase of 0.28% in forest and tree cover at the national level from the previous assessment.

• The largest forest cover in India is (area wise): Madhya Pradesh> Arunachal Pradesh> Chhattisgarh> Odisha> Maharashtra.

• States from the North-Eastern region that have the highest percentage of forest cover with respect to the total geographical area are: Mizoram (84.53%) > Arunachal Pradesh (79.33%) > Meghalaya (76%) > Manipur (74.34%)
• The mangrove cover in India is 4992 km², which is 0.15% of the country’s geographical area. The highest mangrove cover is found in West Bengal, followed by Gujarat.