DILRMP 3.0: GIS-Based Land Records, Bhu-Aadhaar & Land Stack

Subject: GS 02: Polity and Governance

Context: The Union Government launched DILRMP 3.0 (2026–2031) with ₹565.50 crore to create an integrated, Geographic Information System (GIS)-based digital land-record ecosystem.

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About DILRMP 3.0

• DILRMP 3.0 seeks to move beyond digitising individual records towards an interoperable “Land Stack” connecting land records, cadastral maps, registrations and court information.
• Objective
  • To improve accuracy, transparency and accessibility of land records while reducing fraud, disputes and delays in property transactions.
  • To create interoperable digital infrastructure for efficient land administration and citizen-centric land services.
• Implementation Period: The programme will be implemented during 2026–2031 with an approved outlay of ₹565.50 crore.
• Key Components
  • Bhu-Aadhaar (ULPIN): Every land parcel will receive a 14-digit Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (ULPIN) to establish an unambiguous property identity and facilitate verification.
  • GIS-based Land Stack: Georeferenced cadastral maps, Records of Rights (RoRs), property registrations and relevant court matters will be integrated through Application Programming Interfaces (APIs).
  • Digital Registration & Revenue Courts: Legacy records will be digitally archived, while 75 Sub-Registrar Offices (SROs) will be upgraded into Registration Seva Kendras and Revenue Court Case Management System (RCCMS) will be integrated with land records.
  • Urban Land Records: The NAKSHA pilot will be accelerated to develop GIS-based urban land records and facilitate Urban Property Cards (UrPro Cards).

Digital India Land Records Modernisation Programme (DILRMP)

• DILRMP is a Central Sector Scheme aimed at creating a comprehensive and transparent land-record management system through digitisation and integration of land-related information.
• Origin: The programme originated as the National Land Records Modernization Programme (NLRMP) and was revamped as DILRMP in 2016.
• Nodal Ministry: It is implemented by the Department of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development, with 100% central funding.
• Phases:
  • NLRMP (2008): Launched as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme to digitise textual and spatial land records, computerise registration and modernise record rooms.
  • DILRMP (2016–2026): Restructured as a 100% centrally funded Central Sector Scheme, focusing on digitisation of Records of Rights (RoRs), cadastral maps, registration offices, revenue courts and Aadhaar-linked land records.
  • DILRMP 3.0 (2026–2031): Shifts from basic digitisation to an integrated GIS-based Land Stack, with universal 14-digit Bhu-Aadhaar (ULPIN), georeferenced maps and paperless registration through Registration Seva Kendras (RSKs).
• Achievements so Far 
  • Near-Total Digitization: Computerized 99.9% of Records of Rights (RoRs) and digitized 97% of cadastral maps across the nation.
  • Office Modernization: Computerized 99% of Sub-Registrar Offices (SROs) to streamline registrations.
  • Bhu-Aadhaar Rollout: Assigned a 14-digit Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (ULPIN) to over 23 crore land parcels for absolute transparency.

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