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Odisha to Set up a Melanistic Tiger Safari

January 25, 2024

GS Paper III Biodiversity & Environment

Context: 

The Odisha Government is establishing a melanistic tiger safari. 

  • The safari will be established near Baripada, the district headquarters town of Mayurbhanj.This location involves Similipal Tiger Reserve (STR) too. 

About Melanistic Tiger

  • Melanistic tigers are a rare variant of the Bengal tiger. 
  • These tigers are also called “black tigers”.
    • They have thick stripes on their body. 
  • These black stripes are due to pseudo-melanism.
Pseudo-melanism.

  • It is different from melanism. 
  • In pseudo-melism, there is a single mutation in Transmembrane Aminopeptidase Q (Taqpep). 
  • It is responsible for producing similar features in other cat species. 

About Melanistic Tiger Safari

Benefits

  • Awareness GEneration: Raise awareness about melanistic tigers and attract international attention. 
  • Development of Tourism: Increase tourism revenue and create local job opportunities.

Impact on Local Communities and Ecosystem:

  • Positive Impacts:

    • Increased tourism revenue may improve local infrastructure, healthcare, and education facilities.
    • Conservation programs could provide income through ecotourism or sustainable practices.

  • Negative Impacts:

    • There can be disagreement between government and local people on the use of traditional resources. 
    • High tourist flows can cause exploitation and degradation of local resources. 

Similipal Tiger Reserve (STR)

  • This tiger reserve is situated in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. 
  • It is a part of the Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve. 
  • In 1956, It was declared a tiger reserve. 
  • Since 2009, this protected area has become a part of UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves. 
  • Various tribes are found near STR such as Kolha, Santhala, Bhumija, Bhatudi, Gondas, Khadia, Mankadia, and Sahara.
  • The dominant tree species here is Sal.

Also Read:

News sources: The Hindu

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