Jinnah’s 14 Points: Muslim Demands for Fair Representation

Jinnah’s 14 Points Unaccepted Demands at 1928 Nehru Conference #

At the All Parties Conference held in Calcutta in December 1928 to consider the Nehru Report, Jinnah’s 14 Points proposed three amendments to the report. As per this, one-third representation for Muslims in the central legislature, proportionate representation for Muslims in Bengal and Punjab legislatures until adult suffrage was established, and residual powers to provinces were demanded. However, These demands were rejected.

Jinnah’s 14 Points 1929 Principles: Muslim League’s Foundation #

• After rejection of amendments, Jinnah’s 14 Points returned to the Muslim League’s Shafi group and issued fourteen principles in March 1929 that would serve as the foundation for all future Muslim League propaganda. 

Jinnah’s 14 Points: Framework for Muslim Rights in India #

1. Federal Constitution with provinces retaining residual powers
2. Provincial self-government 
3. No constitutional alteration by the centre without the approval of the states that comprise the Indian Federation
4. Adequate representation of Muslims in all legislatures and elected bodies in each province, without reducing a province’s Muslim majority to a minority or equality 
5. Adequate representation of Muslims in government and self-government entities
6. Muslim representation in the central legislature is one-third 
7. One-third of any cabinet in the center of the provinces must be Muslim 
8. Establish separate electoral districts 
9. No law or resolution in any legislature may be enacted if three-fourths of a minority group believe it is against their interests
10. Any geographical adjustment should not impact the Muslim majority in Punjab, Bengal, or the NWFP
11. Sindh is separated from Bombay
12. NWFP and Balochistan constitutional changes 
13. Complete religious liberty for all communities 
14. Protection of Muslim religious, cultural, educational, and linguistic rights

Conclusion #

Jinnha mentioned that these 14 points would address every Muslim’s concern. He declared that this marked their “parting of ways” and that going forward, he had no desire to work with the Indian National Congress in the future.