INTER-STATE RELATIONS |
- Inter-State Water Dispute (Article 262)
- Inter-State Councils (Article 263)
- Public Acts, Records and Judicial Proceedings.
- Inter-State Trade and Commerce (Article 301 to 307)
- Zonal Councils under States Reorganisation Act 1956
INTER-STATE WATER DISPUTES (Art. 262): |
Article 262 |
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Parliament enacted two laws under these provisions: |
River Boards Act 1956: | A river board is established by the Centre on the request of state to advise them. |
Inter-State Water Disputes Act 1956:
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Empowers Centre to setup an ad hoc tribunal for the adjudication of an inter-state water dispute between 2 or more states + Decisions of the tribunal are binding + No courts have jurisdiction over such disputes. |
Tribunals established till now: |
NAME | YEAR | STATES INVOLVED |
Krishna Water Dispute | 1969 | MH, KR, AP |
Godavari Dispute | 1969 | MP, KR, AP, MH, OD |
Narmada | 1969 | RJ, GJ, MP, MH |
Ravi & Beas | 1986 | PB, HR, RJ |
Cauvery | 1990 | KR, KL, TN, Puducherry |
Second Krishna Water Dispute | 2004 | MH, KR, AP |
Vansadhara | 2010 | OD, AP |
Mahadayi | 2010 | Goa, KR, MH |
Inter-State Council (Art.263): |
Purpose |
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Status |
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Setup |
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Role of President |
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Functions |
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Decisions |
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Composition |
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Meetings |
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STANDING COMMITTEE OF THE COUNCIL: |
- Set up in 1996 + For continuous consultation and processing of matters for the consideration of council.
- Members of the Committee: Union Home Minister as Chairman + Five Union Cabinet Ministers + Nine CMs
- The Council is assisted by Inter-State Council Secretariat: Set up in 1991 + Headed by Secretary to the Government of India.
INTER-STATE TRADE & COMMERCE: |
Article | Description |
301 |
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302 |
Provides for restrictions:
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303 |
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304 |
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305 |
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PUBLIC ACTS, RECORDS AND JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS (ARTICLE 261): |
- Full faith & credit to public acts, records and judicial proceedings of the Centre and States throughout the country.
- Parliament by laws, will determine the manner in which and the conditions under which such acts, records and proceedings are to be proved and their effect determined.
- Final judgements & orders of civil courts in any part of India are capable of execution anywhere within India. This rule applies to civil judgments and not to criminal judgments.
ZONAL COUNCILS: |
- Statutory (Extra-constitutional) body + Established under Reorganisation of States Act 1956 (7th CAA 1956)
- They are only deliberative and advisory bodies; recommendations are not binding.
- The Zonal Councils should meet at least twice a year
- Members of Zonal Councils: à Union Home Minister as Chairman + CMs of all the states in the zone + CMs of all the states in the zone + Administrator of each UT in the zone
NORTH-EASTERN COUNCIL: |
- Statutory body Created by separate act: North-Eastern Council Act, 1971.
- Members: all North Eastern states.
- Composition:
- Ex-officio Chairperson – Union Home Minister
- Vice-Chairperson – Minister of State (Independent Charge), Ministry of DoNER.
- Members – Governors and Chief Ministers of all the eight States and 3 members nominated by President.
- Sikkim was added in 2002 as the eighth member of the North-Eastern Council